chapter 16 summary

Question 1

what is the core defined as

Answer 1

the core is defined as LPHC, local and global musculatures

Question 2

where are the local muscles located

Answer 2

attach on or near the vertebrae. local muscles provide dynamic controls of the spinal segments, limiting excessive compression shear and rotational forces between the spinal segments

Question 3

what are the global core muscles

Answer 3

are mainly on the trunk. act to move the trunk and transfer load between upper and lower extremities.

Question 4

what should be included in a core training program

Answer 4

local and global core muscles should be trained.

Question 5

what maintains natural curvature of the spine

Answer 5

proper core strength

Question 6

what are large curvatures of the spine considered

Answer 6

may be considered structural or functional scoliosis

Question 7

will core strength make you more injury resistant

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

whats the best way to introduce a core program

Answer 8

emphasize increasing proprioceptive demand instead of increasing the external resistance. emphasize quality of movement across the LPHC

Question 9

when should power and explosive be introduced

Answer 9

last

Question 10

Which of the following is characterized as a local muscle of the core?

Answer 10

transverse abdominis

Question 11

What is the superior boundary of the core?

Answer 11

diaphram

Question 12

Which regions of the spine demonstrate kyphotic curves?

Answer 12

thoracic and sacral

Question 13

What does EMG stand for?

Answer 13

Electromyography

Question 14

how should the back be positioned when performing a bird dog exercise?

Answer 14

in a neutral position

Question 15

Which client position during exercise has been shown to lead to the highest core muscle activity during breathing exercises?

Answer 15

standing

Question 16

Which of the following global muscles’ primary action is hip flexion?

Answer 16

iliopsoas

Question 17

Which term best describes the ability to contract muscles of the core with force in an effort to flex the trunk during a slow controlled movement?

Answer 17

core strength

Question 18

What term is used to describe combined muscle contraction (co-contraction) of the global muscles of the core?

Answer 18

bracing

Question 19

What is the primary function of the local muscles of the core?

Answer 19

stabilize vertebral segments