Chapter 42

Question 1

Selective beta blockers block ______

Answer 1

Beta 1 receptors in the heart

Question 2

Metprolol, atenolol and bisoprolol are examples of ______

Answer 2

selective beta blockers

Question 3

What do selective beta blockers decrease?

Answer 3

heart rate, blood pressure, contractility

Question 4

Metprolol, atenolol and bisopolol can all be used for ______

Answer 4

asthma, diabetes, COPD

Question 5

Non - Selective beta blockers block ______

Answer 5

Beta 1 receptors in the heart and beta 2 receptors in the lungs and vessels

Question 6

Propranolol, Nadolol, Timolol are examples of ______

Answer 6

non-selective beta blockers

Question 7

What are some side effects of nonselective beta blockers?

Answer 7

decreased heart rate, blood pressure, bronchoconstriction

Question 8

Non-selective beta blockers can mask _______

Answer 8

hypoglycemia

Question 9

If a patient has asthma/COPD what should be avoided?

Answer 9

non-selective beta blockers eg, Propranolol, Nadolol, Timolol

Question 10

What should be checked before giving beta blockers?

Answer 10

Pulse/HR

Question 11

When should you hold beta blockers?

Answer 11

if Pulse/HR is less than 60

Question 12

What are the risks of stopping beta blockers suddenly?

Answer 12

severe hypertension, tachycardia, MI

Question 13

Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Bisoprolol are all _______ protective

Answer 13

cardio

Question 14

What are the side effects of thiazides?

Answer 14

hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, hypergylcemia, hyperuricemia, hypotension

Question 15

Thiazide cause everything to go low except _____

Answer 15

glucose, calcium, uric acid

Question 16

What are thiazides mostly used for?

Answer 16

HTN

Question 17

What is an example of a thiazide?

Answer 17

hydrochlorothiazide

Question 18

What are some side effects of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 18

Nonproductive cough, fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, headache, n/v

A - Angioedema
C - Cough, dry
E - Elevated potassium

Question 19

______ lowers blood pressure, treats heart failure and protects kidneys

Answer 19

ACE inhibitors

Question 20

What is enoxaparin used to prevent and treat?

Answer 20

prevents blood clots and treats existing blood clots

Question 21

Why would a nurse prefer to administer a low molecular wight heparin like enoxaparin over just regular heparin?

Answer 21

More stable anticoagulation
Fixed dosing based on weight
No routine aPTT monitoring

Question 22

What is there a lower risk of when administering Enoxaparin?

Answer 22

HIT or Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia

Question 23

What are the indications for low molecular weight heparin?

Answer 23

prevention and treatment of dvt, treatment of pe, acute coronary syndrome, bridging therapy

Question 24

What is used temporarily when warfarin is stopped/started?

Answer 24

LMWH

Question 25

Why are LMWH preferred over warfarin in pregnancy?

Answer 25

It does not cross over the placenta

Question 26

What is heparin's antidote?

Answer 26

protamine sulfate

Question 27

When is protamine sulfate administered?

Answer 27

It is heparin's antidote, so it's given when there is severe bleeding, heparin overdose or excessively high aPTT

Question 28

What is the antidote for Coumadin?

Answer 28

Vitamin K or phytonadione

Question 29

What is the brand name for Coumadin?

Answer 29

Warfarin

Question 30

When is Vitamin K or phytonadione given?

Answer 30

When the patient has a high INR, when there is active bleeding, when there is a warfarin overdose

Question 31

What is the expected INR value if they are on warfarin?

Answer 31

2 - 3.0

Question 32

What INR value is too high?

Answer 32

5