Chapter 6

Question 1

What makes there to be less absorption of weak acid drugs in infants?

Answer 1

Their gastric pH is higher

Question 2

The slowness of the gastric emptying in infants makes the drugs stay in the stomach longer meaning that the absorption would be ______

Answer 2

Delayed

Question 3

In what route of administration is the drug typically absorbed faster in infants and why?

Answer 3

Topical
The skin of infants is thinner and more hydrated

Question 4

Why is the IM route slower for absorption in infants?

Answer 4

They have less muscle

Question 5

Neonates and infants have _____ water, and less ______

Answer 5

75%
body fat

Question 6

Neonates and infants have less ______ and fewer _______

Answer 6

Protein
protein binding sites

Question 7

Protein bound drugs rise to toxic levels for infants with ____

Answer 7

Jaundice

Question 8

When does the metabolism of a person reach adult age?

Answer 8

11

Question 9

Liver metabolism is ______ in infants, meaning that drugs stay in their body ______, which can lead to toxicity

Answer 9

Lowered
Longer

Question 10

What are the drug-metabolizing enzymes?

Answer 10

CYP450

Question 11

In terms of kidneys, infants have decreased ________

Answer 11

Renal blood flow
GFR
Renal tubular function

Question 12

At what % of GFR do infants start with, and what age does it become normal?

Answer 12

30%
12

Question 13

What drugs might infants need a higher dose of, and why?

Answer 13

Water soluble drugs, because they have a higher total body water amount

Question 14

What is not fully developed of infants, that make sedatives cross more easily?

Answer 14

Blood-Brain Barrier

Question 15

How are drugs calculated for infants?

Answer 15

Weight
Body surface

Question 16

EMLA stands for _____

Answer 16

Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics