Dairy Barn

Question 1

Answer 1

jugular vein

Question 2

Answer 2

milk vein

Question 3

in thin cows, apex beat of the heart can be observed in

Answer 3

4th or 5th L intercostal space near the point of elbow

Question 4

Signs suggestive of cardiovascular disease

Answer 4

Question 5

Auscultation at

Answer 5

right under the chest and cranial to the elbow joint

Question 6

Why is it important to auscultate both sides of the chest?

Answer 6

To detect unilateral effusion, exudate, or space-occupying lesions in the cranial thorax

Question 7

Can splitting of S1 be heard in healthy cattle?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

Can S3 and S4 be heard in normal adult cattle?

Answer 8

Yes, especially in adults with low resting heart rates

Question 9

normal heart rate in neonatal calves?

Answer 9

120–160 bpm

Question 10

normal heart rate in adult cattle?

Answer 10

60-80bpm

Question 11

What heart rate indicates tachycardia in resting adult cattle?

Answer 11

> 90 bpm

Question 12

How does stress affect heart rate in cattle?

Answer 12

Handling or stress may increase HR by >50%, but it returns to normal within 5–10 minutes

Question 13

Where is the pulmonic valve auscultated?

Answer 13

Left 2nd intercostal space (or 3rd rib), slightly below the aortic valve level

Question 14

Where is the aortic valve auscultated?

Answer 14

Left 3rd intercostal space, just below a horizontal line drawn halfway between the point of the shoulder and the sternum

Question 15

Where is the tricuspid valve auscultated?

Answer 15

Right 2nd–3rd intercostal spaces, above a horizontal line drawn halfway between the point of the shoulder and the sternum

Question 16

Where is the mitral valve auscultated?

Answer 16

left fourth intercostal space just above a horizontal line drawn
halfway between the point of the shoulder and the sternum