EXAM 3 study guide

Question 1

Flower parts in multiples of 3 and feature one cotyledon

Answer 1

Monocot

Question 2

Flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5

Answer 2

Dicot

Question 3

Waxy layer that reduces water loss

Answer 3

Cuticle

Question 4

Three Principles of Evolution

Answer 4

1. Inheritance
2. Differences in Survival and Reproduction
3. Genetic Variance

Question 5

Change in gene frequency over time

Answer 5

Evolution

Question 6

Random change in allele frequencies

Answer 6

Genetic Drift

Question 7

Migration of alleles between populations

Answer 7

Gene Flow

Question 8

Provides direct evidence for evolution through preserved remains

Answer 8

Fossil Record

Question 9

When 2 populations are geographically separated and evolve into different species

Answer 9

Allopatric Speciation

Question 10

When 2 populations are geographically together and evolve into different species

Answer 10

Sympatric speciation

Question 11

Represents most common ancestor of the lineage

Answer 11

Node

Question 12

An ancestor and all of its descendants

Answer 12

clade

Question 13

a population moves to a new region or environment

Answer 13

dispersal

Question 14

a natural phenomena separates two populations

Answer 14

vicariance

Question 15

All prokaryotes contain what 4 components (PmCwDR)

Answer 15

1. Plasma Membrane
2. Cell Wall
3. DNA/RNA
4. Ribosomes

Question 16

• Very common and abundant
• cell wall made of peptidoglycan

Answer 16

Bacteria

Question 17

important for oxygen production

Answer 17

cyanobacteria

Question 18

T/F: Bacteria have a large and diverse group with many lifestyles

Answer 18

true

Question 19

• Arose about 1.5 million years after Prokarya

Answer 19

Domain Eukarya

Question 20

Eukarya have a _____ -_____ nucleus and organelles

Answer 20

membrane bound

Question 21

Are Eukarya, unicellular or multicellular or both?

Answer 21

both

Question 22

Kingdom Protista consists of _______ Eukaryotes

Answer 22

Unicellular

Question 23

T/F: Kingdom Protista are the most complex unicellular organisms

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Are fungi autotrophic or heterotrophic

Answer 24

heterotrophic

Question 25

feed on dead things

Answer 25

saprophytic

Question 26

reproductive structures =

Answer 26

thallus

Question 27

Fungi carryout a ______ dominant life cycle

Answer 27

haploid

Question 28

- have unique S-layer proteins - known for living in extreme environments

Answer 28

Archaea

Question 29

Have cellulose, chitin, or no wall

Answer 29

Eukarya

Question 30

Unicellular eukaryotes with diverse lifestyles

Answer 30

Kingdom Protista

Question 31

Fungi cell wall =

Answer 31

Chitin

Question 32

Plant cell wall =

Answer 32

cellulose

Question 33

6 Adaptations that allowed plants to colonize land (AogCwAmtVtCS)

Answer 33

1. Alternation of Generations 2. Cell Wall 3. Apical meristem 4. Vascular tissues 5. Cuticle 6. Stomata

Question 34

- non vascular plants - gametophyte dominant (haploid) - ex: mosses/worts

Answer 34

bryophytes

Question 35

- reproduce via spores - ferns

Answer 35

seedless plants

Question 36

- produce seeds - ex: gymnosperms ; angiosperms

Answer 36

seed plants

Question 37

- produce naked seeds and cones

Answer 37

gymnosperms

Question 38

produce flowers and fruit to protect seeds

Answer 38

angiosperms

Question 39

describes dominant life stage of bryophytes

Answer 39

gametophyte

Question 40

allow gas exchange while minimizing water loss

Answer 40

stomata

Question 41

- transport water and nutrients - allow plants to grow taller to access more sunlight

Answer 41

vascular tissue

Question 42

vascular and sporophyte dominant

Answer 42

ferns

Question 43

seeds provide the ____ with protection and nourishment

Answer 43

embryo

Question 44

T/F: Seeds allow plants to grow in areas with only abundant water

Answer 44

false

Question 45

- small male cones produce pollen - pollen distributed by wind - large female cones form a bracket that contains ovule

Answer 45

conifers

Question 46

T/F: angiosperms are a monophyletic group

Answer 46

false

Question 47

T/F: fruit are from fully ripened ovary

Answer 47

true

Question 48

produces embryo and endosperm

Answer 48

double fertilization

Question 49

- Grasses - lilies - palms - bananas - agaves - aloes

Answer 49

monocots

Question 50

- sunflowers - cactus - oaks - roses - carrots - mint - clover

Answer 50

dicots

Question 51

Taproots --> Fibrous roots -->

Answer 51

Dicots Monocots

Question 52

Vascular tissue (scattered) and veins run parallel to the length of leaves --> Vascular tissue organized in rings and veins run in nets -->

Answer 52

Monocots Dicots

Question 53

advantage provided by a given phenotype

Answer 53

natural selection

Question 54

changes at the nucleotide level - vital for provided new alleles in a population

Answer 54

mutation