1
Q
3 factors of animals
A
eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multicellular
2
Q
4 dietary classes
A
carnivores
herbivores
omnivores
parasites
3
Q
animals have specialized ______
A
tissue
4
Q
animals mostly reproduce _______
A
sexually
5
Q
2 germ layers + radial symmetry
A
Diploblastic
6
Q
3 germ layers + bilateral symmetry
A
Triploblastic
7
Q
______ ______ can form body cavities
A
Triploblastic embryos
8
Q
no cavity
A
Acoelomates
9
Q
Cavity from mesoderm and endoderm
A
Pseudocoelomates
10
Q
Cavity from mesoderm
A
Eucoelomates
11
Q
- diploblastic
- radial symmetry
- have nematocysts
A
CNIDARIANS
12
Q
- triploblastic
- pseudocoelomate
- bilateral
- protostome
A
Nematoda
13
Q
- water vascular system
- tube feet
- Adults: radial symmetry
- Larvae: bilateral symmetry
A
ECHINODERMATA
14
Q
- specialized cells
- lack true tissues/germ layers
A
Sponges
15
Q
covers trachea during swallowing to keep food out of lungs
A
epiglottis
16
Q
carry blood away from heart (no valves)
A
arteries
17
Q
Site of nutrient and gas exchange
A
capillary
18
Q
used for oxygen transport in blood
A
red blood cells
19
Q
first responder that engulfs pathogens
A
neutrophil
20
Q
may or may not have a body cavity
A
triploblastic animals
21
Q
blastopore –> mouth first
A
Protostomes
22
Q
blastopore –> anus first
A
Deuterostomes
23
Q
- triploblastic
- eucoelomate protostomes
- bilateral symmetry
- muscular foot
- mantle (secretes CaC)
A
Mollusca
24
Q
thin walled air sacs & primary site of gas exchange
A
alveoli
25
thicker muscular wall than right and pumps blood to entire body
left ventricle
26
engulfs pathogen and clear up debris
macrophage
27
- fast, non specific defenses
- ex: inflammatory response
innate immunity
28
part of adaptive system (cell mediated immunity)
cytotoxic T cells
29
provide artificially adaptive immunity by creating memory cells
vaccines
30
have incomplete digestive system with one opening
platyhelminthes
31
- eucoelomates
- grow by molting due to chitinous exoskeleton
arthropods
32
functional unit of kidney and site of filtration
nephron
33
T/F: nephron aids in H20 balance regulation
true
34
key role in blood clotting
platelets
35
specific and takes time to respond
adaptive immune response
36
immune cell that is absolutely necessary for activating
- B cells
- Cytotoxic cells
Helper T cell
37
Distinguish between healthy cells and infected/cancerous cells
Natural killer cells
38
have dorsal hollow nerve cord at some stage of development
chordates
39
lack backbone
invertebrate chordates
40
have backbone
subphylum vertebrata
41
form pore in cell membrane
peforins
42
induce cell death
granzymes
43
4 characteristics of chordate (NDhncPsPat)
notochord
dorsal hollow nerve cord
pharyngeal slits
post anal tail
44
- has vertebrae
- no jaw
- cartilaginous skeleton
jawless fish
45
- has hinged jaw
- cartiligenous skeleton
- predators
chondrichthyes
46
- metamorphosis
- water required for reproduction/eggs
- skin contributes to gas exchange
class amphibia
47
- amniotic egg
- leathery shell
- ectotherms
class reptilia
48
- adaptations for flight
- amniotic egg with calcium shell
class aves
49
- amniotic eggs
- endotherm
- 4 chamber heart
class mammalia
50
lay leather reptile like eggs
monotremes
51
young are born less developed, compete development in an external pouch
marsupials
52
- typical mammal
- complete embryonic development occurs within the mother
eutherians
53
state of steady internal, physical, chemical, and social conditions maintained by living systems
homeostasis
54
process and excrete cellular waste
kidneys
55
Digestive tract (OcEPESSILiA)
Oral cavity --> Epiglottis --> Pharynx --> esophagus --> stomach --> small intestine --> large intestine --> Anus
56
chew food and mixes it with saliva
mouth
57
produce saliva (contains starch digesting enzyme)
salivary glands
58
swallows chewed food mixed w/ saliva
Pharynx
59
Moves bolus to stomach
Esophagus
60
mixes and churns food with gastric juice
stomach
61
makes bile
liver
62
releases bicarbonate to neutralize intestinal contents
Pancreas
63
stores bile and releases it into small intestine when needed
gallbladder
64
digests food and absorbs nutrients into blood or lymph
small intestine
65
absorbs water and some vitamins and minerals
large intestine
66
allows waste to leave the body
anus
67
filters and warms incoming air
nasal cavity
68
shared passageway for air and food
pharynx
69
keeps airway open, produces sound, and routes air to trachea
larynx
70
rigid air passage to lungs
trachea
71
carry air from trachea into each lung
bronchi
72
regulate airflow to alveoli
bronchioles
73
site of gas exchange
alveoli
74
main muscle of breathing
diaphragm
75
receives deoxygenated blood
right atrium
76
pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
right ventricle
77
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
left atrium
78
thick muscular walled blood vessels
arteries
79
heart flow (BRaRvLLaB)
Body --> Right Atrium --> Right ventricle --> Lungs --> Left Atrium --> Body
80
causes disease
pathogen
81
triggers immune response
antigen
82
cells respond to specific antigens
specificity
83
millions of different antigens recognized
diversity
84
once exposed to antigen, 2nd response faster and stronger
memory
85
cells learn to distinguish from non-self
distinguish
86
moves fluid (immune system)
lymph vessels
87
filter (immune system)
lymph nodes
88
produces white blood cells and site of B cell maturity
Bone marrow
89
Site of T cell maturity
Thymus
90
Engulf, digest, and destroy
Phagocytes
bio
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