bio > EXAM 4 Study guide > Flashcards

EXAM 4 Study guide Flashcards

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1
Q

T/F: All animals are eukaryotic and multicellular

A

true

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2
Q

Animals are ____, ingesting living or dead organic matter

A

heterotrophic

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3
Q

4 animal dietary classifications

A

Carnivores
Herbivores
Omnivores
Parasites

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4
Q

a collection of similar cells with specialized functions

A

tissue

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5
Q

T/F: All animals can move, at least during certain life stages

A

false

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6
Q

most animals reproduce _____

A

sexually

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7
Q

most animals exhibit symmetry in ___ plans

A

body

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8
Q

3 Main characteristics used to distinguish among animal phyla (NoglTobcDom)

A
  1. Number of germ layers
  2. Type of body cavity
  3. Development of mouth
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9
Q

Which germ layer is diploblastic, has radial symmetry

A

2 germ layers

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10
Q

which # of germ layers are triploblastic, has bilateral symmetry

A

3 germ layers

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11
Q

which # of germ layers = asymmetrical

A

0

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12
Q

_____ embryos can form body cavities

A

Triploblastic

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13
Q

_____ = no cavity

A

Acoelomates

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14
Q

_____ = cavity from mesoderm and endoderm

A

Pseudocoelomates

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15
Q

____ = cavity from mesoderm

A

eucoelomates

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16
Q

_____ = the blastopore becomes the mouth

A

protostomes

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17
Q

____ = the blastopore becomes the anus

A

deuterostomes

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18
Q

Phylum Porifera =

A

Sponges

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19
Q

Which Phylum is being described:
- lack definite symmetry
- no tissues, no germ layers
- live by filtering water
- all processes carried out by a few specialized cells

A

Phylum Porifera

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20
Q

Which phylum is being described:
- 2 germ layers (diploblastic)
- radial symmetry
- life cycle contains sessile and mobile phases
- stinging cells
- corals, sea anemones, jellies

A

cnidaria

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21
Q

Which Phylum is being described:
- Triploblastic
- Acoelomate
- Bilateral
- Protostomes
- Incomplete digestive system
- Sense organs present
- free living parasites

A

Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

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22
Q

Which Phylum is being described:
- Triploblastic
- Pseudocoelomates
- Protostomes
- Bilateral
- complete digestive tract
- chitin exoskeleton
- free-living and parasites
- more developed nervous system

A

Nematoda (roundworms)

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23
Q

Which Phylum is being described:
- triploblastic
- protostomes
- eucoelomates
- bilateral symmetric
- diverse and successful
- protostomes
- exoskeleton with chitin
- segmented body plans
- jointed appendages
- well developed organ systems

A

Arthropoda

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24
Q

Which Phylum is being described:
- triploblastic
- eucoelomates (but small)
- protostomes
- bilateral symmetry
- muscular foot
- mantle secretes shell of calcium carbonate
- well developed organ systems

A

Mollusca

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25
Which Phylum is being described: - triploblastic - eucoelomate - protostomes - bilateral - segmented bodies - chaetae - closed circulatory system - well developed organ systems
annelida (segmented worms)
26
Which phylum is being described: - triploblastic, deuterostome, eucoelomates - radial symmetry - can regenerate body tissue, up to 75 - unique water vascular system - tube feet - no central nervous system - only sexual reproduction
echinodermata
27
Which phylum is being described: - triploblastic - deutoerostome - eucoelomates - bilateral
chordata
28
Four characteristics that define a chordate (NDhncPsPat)
1. Notochord 2. Dorsal hollow nerve cord 3. Pharyngeal slits 4. Post-anal tail
29
Vertebrates posses a backbone and an internal skeleton
Subphylum Vertebrata
30
Vertebrates posses a _____ and an _____ _____
backbone ; internal skeleton
31
Skeleton may be _____ or _____
cartilaginous ; boney
32
_____ fish: 1. Has vertebrae, no jaw, cartilaginous skeleton 2. Scavengers and parasites
Jawless
33
________: 1. Has hinged jaw, cartilaginous skeleton 2. Predators
Chondrichthyes
34
_______: Bony Fish 1. has hinged jaw, bony skeleton
Osteichthyes
35
_____ ____ ____: 1. Has fleshy fins supported by bone 2. Includes lungfish
Lobe finned fish
36
Which class has these characteristics: - Metamorphosis - Water required for reproduction/eggs - Skin contributes to gas exchange - Protected from desiccation by mucus
Amphibia
37
Which class represents these characteristics: - Adaptations to move away from water - Amniotic egg - Leathery shell - Waterproof scales - Ectotherms
Reptilia
38
Which class represents these characteristics: - feathers - wings - hollow bones - efficient circulatory system and lungs - amniotic egg with calcium shell
Aves
39
Which class represents these characteristics: - Amniotic eggs - Endotherm - 4 chamber heart - Hair - Mammary glands - Different teeth
Mammalia
40
Which group of mammalia: - lay leather reptile like eggs - young lap milk from gland on mothers belly
monotremes
41
Which group of mammalia: - short gestation - young are born less developed, complete development in an external pouch
Marsupials
42
Which group of mammalia: - typical mammal - long gestation - complete embryonic development occurs within the mother
eutherians
43
Primates are apart of which class and group?
Class: Mammalia Group: Eutherians
44
______ is the state of steady internal, physical, chemical, and social conditions maintained by living systems
Homeostasis
45
Homeostasis requires all body systems to be working in unison controlled within the _____
brain
46
What are the 6 features of homeostasis? (TObEGeEfpAbp)
Thermoregulation Osmotic balance Energy Gas exchange Extracellular fluid pH Arterial blood pressure
47
What are the 2 major functions of the kidneys?
Process and excrete cellular waste Maintain water balance
48
What is the site of filtration in the kidneys?
nephron
49
What is the main digestive tract for the digestive system?
1.Oral cavity 2. Epiglottis 3. Pharynx 4. Esophagus 5. Stomach 6. Small intestine 7. Large intestine 8. Anus
50
What are the 4 accessory structures of the digestive system?
1. Salivary Glands 2. Liver 3. Pancreases 4. Gall Bladder
51
The ____ chews food and mixes it with saliva
mouth
52
The ______ ______ produce saliva which contains a starch-digesting enzyme called salivary amylase
salivary glands
53
The ____ swallows the chewed food mixed with saliva and called bolus
pharynx
54
The _____ moves the bolus to the stomach
Esophagus
55
The ____ mixes and churns food with gastric juice that contain acid and a protein-digesting enzyme called pepsin creating chyme
stomach
56
The _____ makes bile which aids in the digestion and absorption of fat
liver
57
The ____ covers the trachea during swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs
epiglottis
58
The _____ releases bicarbonate to neutralize intestinal contents; produces enzymes that digest carbohydrates, protein, and fat
pancreas
59
The ___ stores bile and releases it into the small intestine when needed
gallbladder
60
The _____ _____ digests food and absorbs nutrients into blood or lymph
small intestine
61
The ____ _____ absorbs water and some vitamins and minerals; home to intestinal bacteria; passes waste material
large intestine
62
The ____ opens to allow waste to leave the body
anus
63
What is the order of the respiratory system?
Nasal Cavity Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Trachea Lung - Bronchi - Bronchioles - Alveoli Diaphragm
64
The pump that moves air in and out
Diaphragm
65
The ____ are the site of gas exchange, they are in close contact to capillaries of the circulatory system
alveoli
66
CO2 is exchanged for ____
O2
67
The ____ warms, humidifies, and filters inhaled air before it reaches the lungs and enable the sense of smell
nasal cavity
68
The _____ acts a passageway for both air and food
pharynx
69
The ______ produces sound for speech and singing, protects the lower respiratory tract, and facilitates breathing by controlling airflow to the lungs
larynx
70
The trachea
71
The bronchi
72
The bronchioles
73
The alveoli
74
Order of blood flow through the heart
1. Right Atrium 2. Right Ventricle 3. Pulmonary Artery 4. Lungs 5. Pulmonary Veins 6. Left Ventricle 7. Aorta
75
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