GI 2

Question 1

length of small intestine

Answer 1

22-25 feet

Question 2

Parts of the small intestine

Answer 2

• duodenum
• jejunum
• ileum

Question 3

Layers of the small intestine

Answer 3

• smooth muscle
• mucosal folds
• villi

Question 4

What is the functional unit of the small intestine?

Answer 4

villi

Question 5

Types of smooth muscle of small intestine

Answer 5

• longitudinal

- circular

Question 6

Parts of the villus

Answer 6

• columnar cells
• goblet cells
• microvilli
• lamina propria

Question 7

How long is the large intestine?

Answer 7

about 5 feet long

Question 8

Parts of the large intestine

Answer 8

• cecum
• appendix
• colon
• rectum
• anal canal

Question 9

How many sphincters in the anal canal?

Answer 9

2

Question 10

Parts of the colon

Answer 10

• ascending
• transverse
• descending
• sigmoid

Question 11

Sphincters of the anal canal

Answer 11

• internal

- external

Question 12

muscle layers of the large intestine

Answer 12

• longitudinal

- circular

Question 13

cell layers of the large intestine

Answer 13

• columnar epithelium
• goblet cells
• arteriole
• venule
• lymphatic

Question 14

What are the 3 main arteries of the GI tract?

Answer 14

• celiac artery
• superior mesenteric artery
• inferior mesenteric artery

Question 15

Large and small intestine innervation

Answer 15

• gastrocolic reflex
• parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation
• intrinsic innervation of intestines
• spinal innervation

Question 16

parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation of large/small intestines: What functions?

Answer 16

• propulsion
• water reabsorption
• sodium reabsorption
• relaxation of anal sphincter

Question 17

hormone responsible for sodium reabsorption

Answer 17

aldosterone

Question 18

relaxation of anal sphincter

Answer 18

• control to hold and override defecation urge

- valsalva maneuver

Question 19

Intestinal digestion and absorption begins here

Answer 19

initiated in the stomach

Question 20

digestion and absorption: in small intestine

Answer 20

• pancreatic enzymes
• intestinal enzymes
• bile salts

Question 21

digestion and absorption: intestinal motility

Answer 21

• Haustral segmentation

- peristalsis

Question 22

After breakdown, contents travel ______ via the _______

Answer 22

• liver

- portal vein

Question 23

These travel to liver via systemic circulation

Answer 23

fats

Question 24

These travel to the liver via the portal vein

Answer 24

• carbs

- proteins

Question 25

Where does absorption take place?

Answer 25

all intestinal regions

Question 26

What is absorbed?

Answer 26

- water - vitamins - electrolytes