GI 3

Question 1

aging: when do changes begin in the GI system?

Answer 1

BEFORE age 50

Question 2

What oral changes will be seen with aging?

Answer 2

• tooth enamel wear » periodontal disease
• sensory changes with decreased appetite
• salivation decreases

Question 3

Why is is problematic for there to be decreased salivation?

Answer 3

swallowing is more difficult

Question 4

GI organs: changes with age

Answer 4

• lose some mm tone, but still perform well
• difficulty swallowing
• reduced esophageal peristalsis
• large intestine slowing
• decreased production of intrinsic factor that promotes vit B12 absorption

Question 5

GI organs and changes with age: What might difficulty swallowing be caused by?

Answer 5

• decreased salivation

- muscular dysfunction

Question 6

GI organs and changes with age: Reduced esophageal peristalsis results in

Answer 6

GERD

Question 7

GI organs and changes with age: implications of slowing down large intestine

Answer 7

• constipation

- slowed mineral absorption

Question 8

Most clinically meaningful GI sx (aside from constitutional sx)

Answer 8

• dysphagia
• odynophagia
• GI bleed
• epigastric pain with radiation to back
• sx affected by food
• early satiety with WL
• fecal incontinence
• referred shoulder pain
• psoas abscess
• ttp over McBurney’s point
• neuropathy

Question 9

What is odynophagia?

Answer 9

pain during swallowing

Question 10

causal factors for odynophagia

Answer 10

• esophagitis

- esophageal spasm

Question 11

Pain AFTER eating: What might be going on?

Answer 11

• odynophagia

- coronary ischemia

Question 12

How to differentiate pain after eating?

______ type of pain is relieved by upright position

Answer 12

esophagitis

Question 13

How to differentiate pain after eating?

______ type of pain is relieved by supine position (or nitroglycerin)

Answer 13

cardiac pain

Question 14

Does esophagitis require medical attention?

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

% of Americans who are constipated

Answer 15

25%

Question 16

What is obstipation

Answer 16

intractable constipation

Question 17

Criteria for constipation

Answer 17

Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation

Question 18

What is the Rome III dx criteria?

Answer 18

• must meet 2 or more
• present for the last 3 months
• sx onset at least 6 months prior to dx