IEM framework 2

Question 1

Export Strategy framework (Aulakh)

Answer 1

1. Cost vs differentiation
2. standardization vs adaption
3. geographical diversification

developed = cost
developing = differentiation

Question 2

Springboard perspective (Luo & Tung)

Answer 2

• acquire technology / brands
• overcome latecomer disadvantages
• bypass trade barriers
• attack competitors in home market
• escape weak home institutions

Question 3

Market Creation Process (McKague et al.)

Answer 3

4 step process:
1. Knowledge acquisition
2. Contextual bridging (adapt to local norms)
3. Brokering relationships (connect actors)
4. Experimentation (reduce risk)

Question 4

RAT-CAT framework (Lessard)

Answer 4

RAT > exploiting
- relevant
- appropriable
- transferable

CAT > enhancing, new caps
- complementary
- appropriable
- transferable

Question 5

Institutional Capabilities (Carney et al.)

Answer 5

1. Network penetration
2. relational contracting
3. business model innovation

Question 6

Template Replication (Chliova & Ringov)

Answer 6

1. Template development (design a working model)
2. Replication (scale across locations)

Simple, scalable, low-cost models

Question 7

Exceptional Growth (Tidhar et al.)

Answer 7

Era 1: Learning (measure twice)
- Focus on unit profitability
- Broad learning (entire business model)
- Delay growth intentionally

Era 2: Scaling (Cut once)
- focus on profitable growth
- invest in scalable capabilities
- hire elite talent