Resp. Org. Easier

Question 1

Business impact the following areas:

Answer 1

• innovation
• economy
• well-being
• politics
• society/culture
• environment

Question 2

Climate change is a ….

Answer 2

crisis multiplier.

Question 3

System thinking is:

Answer 3

• Holistic and integrative
• a language and toolset
• about feedback, non-linearity, and self-organization

Question 4

System thinking key tools:

Answer 4

• CLD
• SFD
• Behavior-over-time graphs
• System dynamics models

Question 5

CLD components:

Answer 5

• Variables (nouns)
• Links with polarity
• Reinforcing and balancing loops

Question 6

CLD =

Answer 6

• Intuititive
• shows causality
• more qualitative

Question 7

SFD =

Answer 7

• Shows accumulation
• more quantitative

Question 8

(SFD), Why stocks matter:

Answer 8

• Allow material to build up
• add stability and complexity
• enable feedback and delay

Question 9

(SFD), variables types:

Answer 9

• target values
• rates
• influence factors

Question 10

IR Framework:

Answer 10

shows how organizations create value using different types of capital.

Question 11

Six capitals in IR:

Answer 11

• financial
• manufactured
• intellectual
• human
• social & relationship
• natural

Question 12

IR challenges:

Answer 12

• One-sided reporting
• vague definitions
• questionable impact on real change

Question 13

Freeman’s Stakeholder theory focuses on:

Answer 13

• value creation
• ethics in capitalism
• managerial mindset

Question 14

Stakeholder salience model, Attributes:

Answer 14

• power
• legitimacy
• urgency

Question 15

Stakeholder salience model, different types of stakeholders:

Answer 15

• Latent (1 attribute)
• Expectant (2 attributes)
• Definitive (3 attributes)
• Non/potential stakeholders (0 attributes)

Question 16

System challenges

Answer 16

• Delays
• Feedback
• Boundaries
• Limits
• Rationality

Question 17

Design questions

Answer 17

• Ask questions, understand system
• Define goals
• Identify leverage points
• Check feasibility & consequences

Question 18

Iceberg model:

Answer 18

• Events
• Trends
• Structures
• Mental models

Question 19

Choosing leverage points, look for:

Answer 19

• Frequent patterns
• ripple effects
• strong loops

Question 20

System archetypes are …, and help …

Answer 20

• common behavior patterns in systems
• understand challenges and guide interventions.

Question 21

Common archetypes:

Answer 21

• Fixes that fail: short-term fixes cause long-term problems.
• Shifting the burden: relying on easy solutions over root causes.
• Limits to success: success brings problems if limits aren’t addressed.
• Drifting goals: goals drop over time instaed of being met.
• Escalation: Competition spirals out of control.
• Tragedy of the commons: shared resources get overused.
• Success to the successful: resources go to winners, losers fall behind.
• Addiction/dependence: systems rely on fixes and can’t solve root issues.
• Rule beating: following rules but not the spirit.
• Wrong goals: achieving the wrong thing due to bad metrics.

Question 22

Solving archetypes:

Answer 22

• Think long-term
• Align goals
• Redesign rules and systems
• Encourage ownership and responsibility

Question 23

Systems zoo:

Answer 23

• systems have multiple loops and delays.
• balancing loops keep goals steady.
• shifts in loop dominance cause behavior changes

Question 24

Why systems work so well:

Answer 24

• Resilience (ability to recover)
• Self-organization (structure + learning + diversity)
• Hierarchy (systems within systems)

Question 25

Systems surprise us:

Answer 25

- Models are simplified versions of reality. - Nonlinearity = effects aren't proportional. - boundaries are flexible. - important to identify limiting factors - delays make decision-making harder

Question 26

Leverage points: 12 points of intervention (from least to most powerful):

Answer 26

1. Transcend paradigms 2. Paradigms (mindsets) 3. Goals 4. Self-organization 5. Rules 6. Information flow 7. Reinforcing loops 8. Balancing loops 9. Delays 10. Stock & flow structure 11. Buffers 12. Numbers (parameters)

Question 27

Living in systems, Key advice:

Answer 27

1. Observe first 2. Make assumptions visible 3. Share info 4. Use clear language 5. Value what matters, not just numbers 6. Allow feedback 7. Think of the whole system 8. Trust grassroots insight 9. Design responsibility 10. Stay curious 11. Embrace complexity 12. Think long-term 13. Cross boundaries 14. Care broadly 15. Keep aiming for goodness