lecture 10

Question 1

does DNA synthesis always require a primer

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

where does initiation of DNA synthesis happen

Answer 2

origin of replication

Question 3

why does DNA synthesis always require a primer

Answer 3

DNA polymerases cannot initiate without a primer

Question 4

what is genome resolution

Answer 4

usually just untangling by topoisomerase

Question 5

what do DNA viruses frequently force of the cell

Answer 5

into S phase of the cell cycle

Question 6

why S phase

Answer 6

DNA replication phase

Question 7

how does SV40 replicate

Answer 7

with the host DNA synthesis machinery and Large T

Question 8

which genome creates the replication fork

Answer 8

circular genomes

Question 9

what genome struggles with the end replication problem for DNA to DNA

Answer 9

linear genome

Question 10

what must DNA polymerases initiate on

Answer 10

3’ OH DNA or RNA

Question 11

what are RNA primers for DNA synthesis synthesized by

Answer 11

host (circular genomes)

Question 12

what are the 2 primers that can be used by linear genomes to help with the end replication problem

Answer 12

hairpin primers
protein primers

Question 13

how does SV40 initiate replication

Answer 13

uses host DNA replication machinery but adds one viral protein (large T) to initiate replication

Question 14

what does large T “replace” in eukaryotic DNA replication

Answer 14

helicase activity

Question 15

how is herpesvirus amplified

Answer 15

rolling circle replication

Question 16

does herpesvirus encode their own DNA replication complex proteins

Answer 16

yes because its huge and can do that

Question 17

what fixes the end replication problem in us

Answer 17

telomeres

Question 18

what alternative primer does Parvoviruses use

Answer 18

Hairpin DNA structure

Question 19

what alternative primer does adenovirus DNA use

Answer 19

protein primers

Question 20

what nicks the genomic DNA loops to generate a new 3’ OH end

Answer 20

Rep78/68

Question 21

what has DNA polymerases with 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity

Answer 21

host and large DNA viruses

Question 22

define origin of replication

Answer 22

minimum sequence required to initiate replication

Question 23

what does the origin or replication usually contain

Answer 23

AT rick and palindrome sequences

Question 24

what do circular genomes have for primers

Answer 24

host RNA primase

Question 25

how does herpesvirus genome resolution

Answer 25

head to head concatamers containing multiple copies of the viral genome

Question 26

what are the 2 cell cycle regulators listed for DNA viruses

Answer 26

p53 Rb

Question 27

when Rb is bound what happens to the transcription complex

Answer 27

transcription doesn't happen

Question 28

why do DNA viruses want to remove Rb from the complex

Answer 28

so there is an increase synthesis of cellular and some viral replication proteins

Question 28

do DNA viruses want to remove or keep Rb attached

Answer 28

remove

Question 29

when Rb is phosphorylated what happens to the transcription complex

Answer 29

there is lots of transcription

Question 30

how does HPV cause cancer

Answer 30

it can disrupt the E2 gene which suppresses early gene transcription. if E2 is disrupted, E7 constantly inhibits Rb and transcription just continuously happens and leads to unchecked cell growth

Question 31

semi conservative

Answer 31

replication from both ends

Question 32

what is resolution needed for

Answer 32

release individual genomes from linked or polymeric DNA recreate correct hairpin genomic ends

Question 33

why does the virus push the cell into S phase

Answer 33

to ensure that the required factors (proteins and other) are present. abundant number of hosts DNA polymerase