Multiple-structure verbs

Question 1

Verbs of SA

Answer 1

Verbs of suggestion or advice:

suggest - recommend - propose - advice etc.

a) Subjunctive form

I suggested that she buy a car.

b) should + bare infinitive form

I suggested that she should buy a car.

c) Gerund form (-ing)

I suggested buying a car.

d) Indicative

They suggested she left the house (= this is Statement / assumption about what happened in the past, not a suggestion)

Question 2

Verbs of DCI

Answer 2

Verbs of demand/command/insistence

demand, insist, request, urge, ask, require, stipulate, decree, order, command etc.

a) Subjunctive form

They insisted that he leave.

b) should + bare infinitive form

They insisted that he should leave.

c) Indicative form (only BE)

(it’s often used to describe a repeated or habitual demand (in this case you use the present simple). It can also be a statement about fact/belief. It doesn’t express a necessity, insistence etc. )

ex.

They insist he leaves the office by 6 p.m. every day.

They insisted that he left. = They claimed / maintained that he had left

Question 3

adjectives of NIUR

Answer 3

-adjectives that express some form of necessity, importance, urgency, or recommendation —
in other words, they convey a judgment about what should happen:

• Necessity / Obligation
  necessary, essential, imperative, vital, mandatory, required
• Importance / Urgency
  important, crucial, urgent, critical
• Recommendation / Advice
  advisable, desirable, appropriate, better, recommended
• Preference / Demand
  preferable, fitting, proper, suggested

“Does the adjective describe something that must, should, or ought to happen?”

If yes → it probably triggers this pattern.

a) Subjunctive form

It’s important that he be here.

b) Should + bare infinitive form

It’s important that he should be here.

c) indicative (present, past etc.)–> BUT this states a fact (he is here, and that’s important), It doesn’t express necessity or requirement

It’s essential that he is here.

Question 4

SAPCRB verbs

Answer 4

seem/ appear/ pretend/ claim/ report/ believe

a) to + infinitive –> It expresses an action or state as perceived, assumed, claimed, or pretended.

They seem to have plenty of money

They pretend to care about me

b) to be + -ing form (continuous infinitive) –> describes an action ongoing at the time of the main verb.

I pretended to be reading the newspaper (= I pretended that I was reading)

The workers are reported to be protesting outside the factory. (= It is reported that they are protesting.)

c) to have (done) (perfect infinitive) = not usable with “believe” –> expresses a completed action in the past relative to the main verb.

Have you seen my keys? I seem to have lost them (= It seems that I have lost them)

He claims to have solved the problem already. (= He says that he solved it.)

The company is reported to have increased its profits this year. (= It is reported that they increased profits.)

d) Verb + (that) + clause = not usable with “seem” or “appear” –> Used to report statements, beliefs, or assertions.
The verb in the that-clause is in the normal indicative (not subjunctive).

She claims that he is guilty.

She pretended that she was asleep.

I believe that she is honest.