Skeleton I

Question 1

Types of bones

Answer 1

-flat
-long
-short
-irregular
-sesamoid

Question 2

Name 1-5

Answer 2

1.proximal epiphysis
2.metaphysis
3.diaphysis
4.distal epiphysis
5.condyle

Question 3

Fossa

Answer 3

Hollow or depression/ dent in bone

Question 4

Foramen

Answer 4

Hole in bone

Question 5

Tubercle

Answer 5

Small rounded nodule or projection on bone that serves as an attachment point for muscles or ligaments

Question 6

Tuberosity

Answer 6

Rounded or bony prominence on surface of bone that serves as an attachment point for muscles, tendons and ligaments

Question 7

Intertubercular groove

Answer 7

Long, vertical depression on proximal humerus that separates greater and lesser tubercles

Question 8

Trochanter

Answer 8

Bony prominence on proximal part of femur that serves as muscle attachment site

Question 9

Head

Answer 9

Rounded, prominent bony extension typically at end of long bone

Question 10

Condyle

Answer 10

Rounded prominence at end of bone that forms part of a joint, acting as knuckle for articulation with another bone

Question 11

Epicondyle

Answer 11

Bony projection on end of long bone that serves as point of attachment for muscles, tendons and ligaments
Located above condyle

Question 12

Spine

Answer 12

Ridge of bone that spikes up

Question 13

Process

Answer 13

Projection or outgrowth of bone, often serving as an attachment point for muscles or ligaments or point of articulation with another bone

Question 14

Notch

Answer 14

Concave indentation or gap at edge of bone that serves as passage for blood vessels or nerves or point of articulation with another bone

Question 15

Name bone tissue

Answer 15

Cortical bone

Question 16

What is arrow pointing to in cortical bone?

Answer 16

White spots = bone cells

Question 17

Name bone tissue

Answer 17

Trabecular (spongy) bone

Question 18

Name 1-5

Answer 18

1.osteocytes
2.osteoblasts
3.bone
4.osteoclasts
5.cartilage

Question 19

Name type of joint

Answer 19

Fibrous joint

Question 20

Name type of joint

Answer 20

Cartilaginous joint

Question 21

Name type of joint

Answer 21

Synovial joint

Question 22

What are fibrous joints?

Answer 22

-bones connected by connective tissue
-no joint space
-minimal movement

Question 23

Types of fibrous joints

Answer 23

-suture
-syndesmosis
-gomphosis

Question 24

What are cartilaginous joints?

Answer 24

-joints held together by cartilage (hyaline or fibrocartilage)
-no cavity
-allow some movement (more than fibrous joints and less than synovial)

Question 25

Cartilaginous joints - synchondroses

Answer 25

Bones united by hyaline cartilage

Question 26

Cartilaginous joints - symphyses

Answer 26

Bones united by fibrocartilage

Question 27

Name cartilaginous joint

Answer 27

-epiphyseal growth plate (hyaline cartilage) -synchondroses

Question 28

Name cartilaginous joint

Answer 28

-pubic symphysis (fibrocartilage) -symphyses

Question 29

What are synovial joints?

Answer 29

-joint cavity -greatest range of movement

Question 30

Name 1-7

Answer 30

1.periosteum 2.articulating bone 3.synovial or joint cavity (fluid filled) 4.articulating cartilage 5.fibrous capsule 6.synovial membranes 7.articulating bone 8.periosteum

Question 31

Types of synovial joints

Answer 31

-ball and socket -condyloid -hinge -planar -pivot -saddle

Question 32

Ball and socket joint range of movement

Answer 32

Circumduction

Question 33

Ball and socket examples

Answer 33

Hip and shoulder

Question 34

Condyloid joint range of movement

Answer 34

Flexion and extension Adduction and abduction

Question 35

Condyloid joint example

Answer 35

Between radius and carpal bones

Question 36

Hinge joint range of movement

Answer 36

Flexion and extension

Question 37

Hinge joint example

Answer 37

Elbow

Question 38

Planar joint range of movement

Answer 38

Gliding action

Question 39

Planar joint example

Answer 39

Between tarsal bones

Question 40

Pivot joint range of movement

Answer 40

Rotation

Question 41

Pivot joint example

Answer 41

First to second cervical vertebrae (allowing shaking of head action)

Question 42

Saddle joint range of movement

Answer 42

Flexion and extension Adduction and abduction

Question 43

Saddle joint example

Answer 43

Interphalangeal joints

Question 44

Flexion

Answer 44

Bending joint

Question 45

Extension

Answer 45

Straightening joint

Question 46

Abduction

Answer 46

Moving limb away from body

Question 47

Adduction

Answer 47

Moving limb towards body

Question 48

Circumduction

Answer 48

Circular movement of a limb joint, end of limb moves in a circle

Question 49

Rotation

Answer 49

Moving bone around central axis (twisting head side to side)

Question 50

Pronation

Answer 50

Rotating forearm so palm faces downwards

Question 51

Supination

Answer 51

Rotating forearm so palm faces upward

Question 52

Protraction

Answer 52

Forward movement of body part such as scapula or mandible

Question 53

Retraction

Answer 53

Movement that pulls body part backward such as scapula toward spine or mandible back to resting position