Unit 1

Question 1

types of societies

Answer 1

hunting & gathering, horticultural, pastoral, agricultural

Question 2

belief that all objects, whether animate or inanimate, such as animals, trees & rocks, possess an impersonal supernatural power

Answer 2

animatism

Question 3

occupying 90% human history

Answer 3

hunting & gathering

Question 4

simple gardening, supplementary to hunting & gathering

Answer 4

horticultural

Question 5

domestication of animals in a semi-nomadic lifestyle

Answer 5

pastoral

Question 6

societies whose economies are based on producing and maintaining crops and farmland

Answer 6

agricultural

Question 7

coined money

Answer 7

specie

Question 8

belief in/ worship of more than one god

Answer 8

polytheism

Question 9

by around 3000 BC the Susmerians had established 12 independent “city-states” in Southern Mesopotamia, in a region called the

Answer 9

Fertile Crescent

Question 10

recurring problem, that of the spread of disease

Answer 10

contaminated water

Question 11

never really developed

Answer 11

system for waste disposal

Question 12

devastating floods

Answer 12

sophisticated irrigation system

Question 13

necessitated the creation of a centralized government

Answer 13

the need to organize workers for construction and maintenence of the canals

Question 14

compare #1

Answer 14

Sumerian life centered around religion
Egyptian life centered around religion

Question 15

compare #2

Answer 15

Sumerian- gods claim semi-divinity
Egyptian- divinity in human form

Question 16

contrast #1

Answer 16

Sumerian- unpredictable power of the gods (behave like overgrown children); unleash devastating floods and wars on humans for no rational reason
Egyptian- Egyptian gods far more benevolent and helpful to humans

Question 17

contrast #2

Answer 17

Sumerians built the ziggurats to pacify the gods thus avoiding divine punishment
Egyptians- pyramids were constructed as burial complexes at which Egyptians could worship egypts god-kings after they died

Question 18

compare #3

Answer 18

polytheistic

Question 19

3 main reasons for slavery

Answer 19

prisoner of war, selling themselves (escape starvation or satisfy debts), born a slave

Question 20

in 3500 BC the Sumerians invented a form of writing called

Answer 20

cuneiform

Question 21

worship of more than one god

Answer 21

polytheistic

Question 22

the more important the god

Answer 22

the more power over humans

Question 23

Sumer’s greatest contribution to Western Civilization

Answer 23

invention of a written language

Question 24

main structure in every city was the temple to the gods, called a

Answer 24

ziggurat

Question 25

creates the first recorded Empire in Western Civilization

Answer 25

Sargon the Great

Question 26

the Assyrians major impact on Western Civilization

Answer 26

the development of long distance trade

Question 27

the Babylonians major impact on Western Civilization

Answer 27

established written laws known to the people

Question 28

around 1600 BC the Canaanites invented an

Answer 28

alphabet

Question 29

its western and eastern borders are protected by the deserts, it was also a source of tremendous wealth with

Answer 29

large deposits of metal ores

Question 30

the river produced/left _____ _______ that enriched the soil and diluted harmful mineral salts

Answer 30

silt deposits

Question 31

was a crucial crop secured Egypt's diplomatic relationships with other countries, and contributed to economic stability

Answer 31

wheat

Question 32

around 3000 BC the Egyptians developed their own form of writing called

Answer 32

hieroglyphics

Question 33

Egyptian art clearly illustrates how the Egyptians valued

Answer 33

order and predictability

Question 34

Menes made his royal capital

Answer 34

Memphis

Question 35

great pyramids were built they were not built by slave labor but by

Answer 35

free Egyptian laborers

Question 36

the capital of the Middle Kingdon

Answer 36

Thebes

Question 37

Second Intermediate Period

Answer 37

??

Question 38

a succession of weak leaders, combined with a poor economy a Canaanite people began to seize control of the delta region, eventually coming to power in lower Egypt

Answer 38

the Hyksos

Question 39

The Hyksos brought several items that significantly influence the Egyptians in the New Kingdon period

Answer 39

-bronze making technologies -humpback cattle -composite bow -horse drawn chariot

Question 40

especially noted for abandoning traditional Egyptian polytheism

Answer 40

Akhenaten

Question 41

regarded as the greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh of the New Kingdom/ Egyptian Empire

Answer 41

Ramsses II (The Great)

Question 42

ancient worlds largest chariot battle

Answer 42

battle of Kadesh

Question 43

the Ptolemys made their royal capital at

Answer 43

Alexandria