Reciprocity
More open to persuasion if persuader gives them something
Persuader makes concessions in an argument
Consistency
People prefer attitudes to be consistent
More open to persuasion if it means being consistent with their attitudes, values
Consensus
More open to persuasion if seeing that others agree
Liking
More likely to be influenced by those they like
More open to persuasion is persuader is liked/attractive
Authority
More easily influenced by authority figures (if in position of authority or considered an expert)
statistical vs narrative persuasion
Statistical evidence is more persuasive than narrative evidence (pulling on heart strings)
Attitude bolstering
Generating thoughts that support one’s original attitude without actually counterarguing the opposing message
Counterarguing
Directly rebutting persuaders argument
Negative affect
Responding to persuasion attempt by getting angry, upset or irritated
Selective exposure
Tuning out, walking away or ignoring persuasive attempt
Social validation
Thinking of others who support and share ones original attitude
Source derogation:
Dismissing the persuader – rejecting their expertise, validity, trustworthiness
Assertions of confidence
Asserting that nothing and no one could ever change ones opinion
most common resisting technique
Most common is attitude bolstering
least common resisting technqiues
Social validation and source derogation is least common
best resisting technqiue
Although people use attitude bolstering a lot, it often doesn’t help them resist persuasion
Counter arguing is the only that did
social enhancement hypothesis
For people with more developed offline social networks, online communication can enhance and expand existing networks
social compensation hypothesis
For people with less developed offline social networks, online communication can be used to compensate lack of existing networks
online benefits to wellbeing
in young children/adolescence it predicts more cohesive friendships, connectiveness and happiness at school and greater life satisfaction
In older adults, it predicts higher social support, reduced loneliness, greater life satisfaction and psychological wellbeing
Online communication also helps us bounce back and restores self-esteem after facing social exclusion offline
emojis
93% used to lighten moods
81% believe those who use emojis are friendlier
90% say emojis allow them to instantly share thoughts/ideas
94% highlight ability of emojis to communicate across language barriers
Online self-disclosure:
Ability to instantly publicly broadcast our thoughts and feeling to masses of people
Self-disclosure intimacy:
More intimate, public self-disclosure met with dislike
Self-disclosure valence:
Positive vs negative self-disclosure
We like people more when they only post positive self-disclosure
trolling
malicious online behaviour intended to disrupt interactions, aggravate interactional partners and lure them into fruitless argumentation
