basic-pharma

Question 1

Gs reseptors

Answer 1

mad معصب مجنون
كل ال beta
h2+d1+v2 —-212هدف

Question 2

Gq rec

Answer 2

hav mm? عندك ام؟
1 hav m
m3

Question 3

G i

Answer 3

mad 2

Question 4

b1 +b2agonist? moa

Answer 4

b1=increas HR and causes renin relase
b2= vasodilation bronchodilation and metabolic effect+utrine relax

Question 5

alpha receptors?

Answer 5

a1 = vasculer resistance increased
a2= decreas all symapthatic tone works as ne +epi reaptake receptors

Question 6

autonmic effect by organ ?

Answer 6

hearts BM 1,2
=beta1 and m2 بشتغلوا عكس بعض

lung=BM2,3
b2=bronchodilation
m3=bronchoconstractiom

BV=ab(اب)1,2
A1=constract
b2 =dilate

blader + eye(ام1,3) am 1,3

Question 7

majer role is ABCD

Answer 7

a with c = constrac

b with D = dilate

Question 8

phosphodiesteras diasteras شو

c amp + cgmp شو وظيفتهم
pedi drug function?

Answer 8

camp+ cgmبكسر ال
camp +gmo= relase no+ bnp+anp
fuvction of pedi drug breaks the breaker leding to increas camp leading to increas no+gmp+amp

Question 9

alpha 1 agonist selective ?

Answer 9

Prazosin, terazosin,

Urinary symptoms of BPH; PTSD (prazosin);

1st-dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness,

doxazosin,

hypertension (except tamsulosin).

headache.

tamsulosin

Question 10

phosphodiesteras inhibitors type+moa?

Answer 10

cgmp =dephosphat the myosin =muscle relax -no contraction
camp= open the vesecls BLP باب =no cyosole ca=muscle relax-no contraction

camp= smooth muscle relaxation (mlcks inhibition)+ heart muscle ionotrops and chronotrops
cgmp= smooth muscle relax by dephospholrysation of myosin

non-specific-PDE inhibitors = hydrolysis camp
PDEI 3 vessels = inhibits camp=inhibition of mlck =vasodilation
PDEI 4 lung + immune cell =inhibits camp= bronchodilation + granulocytosis
PDEI 5 vessels= inhibits cgmp =vasodilation + ulmonary vasodilation
pletlet inhibitors = increase camp in pletlet inhibit pletlet aggregation

Question 11

PDEI agents 3-4-5

Answer 11

non specfic = thiophelyin = camp
5=gنفس الشكل= decresing hydrolysis of cgmp= vasculer muscle relax= بتنتهي الادويه ب fill
4=decreasing hydrolysis of camo=smooth muscle relax + granulocytosis = (((Roflumilast))) four رفلو
3=decreasing hydrolysis camp=smooth muscle relax = (((Milrinone)))

In platelets:increasing  cAMP inhibting pletlet aggregation+vasodilater + Intermittent claudication==(((( cilotazol+dipyramadole))))

Question 12

a-blocker agents?

Answer 12

-non-selective:
phenoxy-benzamin+ phentolamine ((آمييين))
-a1-selective= prazo+trazo+doxa +tamsulis ((ziiien))
-a2-selective= mitrazapin((zapin))

Question 13

a-blocker clincal use?

Answer 13

non-selective:
-phhhhhenoxubenzamin=phhhenochromocytoma
-phentoylamine= HTN from 1-moai 2-norepi extravisenاذا اعطيتها بالشريان بالغلط
3-coccain overdose
-selective a1:
zien-group=
BPHكلهم + ptsd(prazosin) +hypertension(tamsulosinالا مابزبط)
-selective a2:
metrazapin (deppression)

Question 14

a blocer SE

Answer 14

كلهم نفس الاشي تقريبا بنزلو الصغط واعراض نزول الضغط
non=Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia
a1=1st-dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness,
a2=Sedation,  serum cholesterol,  appetite.

Question 15

sympathatolytic a2 agoinst-agents?+ clincal use

Answer 15

1-Clonidine, guanfacine=Hypertensive urgency (limited situations),
ADHD, Tourette syndrome, symptom control in opioid withdrawal
2-α-methyldopa=Hypertension in pregnancy
3-Tizanidine=Relief of spasticity

Question 16

Sympatholytics (α2 -agonists) +SE?

Answer 16

-cloandin +gubfacin=cns deppresion + cvs depression + anti a sumptoms miosis…

-amytheldopa= comp+ hemolysis +SLE drug induce+hyperprolactinemia

-Tizanidine=hypotension+ muscle weakness

Question 17

Indirect sympathomimetics- agents?

Answer 17

((relase stored catacohlamine))+((relase of store catacolamin))

1-amphetamin=reuptake inhibitor+relase of store catacolamine
2-cocain=reuptake inheptor only
3-ephedrin=relesed of stoer catacolamine

Question 18

Indirect sympathomimetics SE ?

Answer 18

-cocain= intact sympathatic = mydriasis + horner syndrom = the sympathetic trunk is damaged. The signs and symptoms occur on the same side as it is a lesion of the sympathetic trunk.
-amphetamine= narcolepsy+obsitiy +ADH
-ephedrin= Nasal decongestion (pseudoephedrine), urinary incontinence, hypotension.

Question 19

sympthatomimic agents + moa?

Answer 19

كل الي فيهم بالنص
bue =affect beta agoinst more than alph
debutamin+terbutalin+albutraol+Isoproterenol
-hr=كلهم بزيدوه =-bp=بنقصوه

-epi=b>a==increas HR+ high does increas bp

-alpha agonist = nor-epi +phenylpherin+ midodrin(a1)= كلهم يزيدو الضغط وبنزلو الHR

Question 20

beta- agoinst -agents ?

Answer 20

كل الي فيهم بالنص bue =beta agoinst
debutamin+terbutalin+albutraol

epi=b>a==increas HR+ high does increas bp

Question 21

alpha agonist agents ?

Answer 21

alpha agonist = nor-epi +phenylpherin+ midodrin(a1)

epi=b>a==increas HR+ high does increas bp

Question 22

dopamin agoinst ?

Answer 22

dopamine + fendloplam
تاثيرهم بشبه الbeta
نقصان ضغط وزياده hr

dopamine= decreas hr + increas bp high does only
fendloplam= increas hr+decreas bp

Question 23

hemodynamic effect of alpha agonist + beta agonist?

Answer 23

alpha(كل الانواع بترفع الpb)= vasoconstraction= high bo + compensatry =low hr

beta(كل الانواع بترفع الHR)= vasodilation =low bp+compensatory increasing hr
beta=dobutamin + isopropanel =b1=low bp. -only beta receptor
beta+minmial alpa=epi=high hr + high bp

Question 24

alpha agonist clincal use?

Answer 24

alpha=vasoconstriction+ decreas HR
-nor-epi=septic shock + hypotension
- phenylpherin=hypotesion+ ischmic peripesm

Question 25

beta recebtor clincal use?

Answer 25

كل ادويه البيتا او المشتركه بتاثر على الb1 اكثر من الb2 beta=increas HR+ decreas bp -dobtumine=HF +cardio shock -isoproternol=electrophysiology stmulition for MI pt -b3 miragiban = urinary urgency - incontency

Question 26

dopamin agonist clincal use?

Answer 26

-as beta decreas bp + increas hr d1=gs + d2=gi fandloplam(d1)= HTN crisis + vasodilater SE=headach+dizz+flashing tachycardia

Question 27

drug increas all sympathyic receptor ?

Answer 27

-B>a dopamin=increasing hr+increas bp(high does) =shock+bredycardia epi=increasing hr+increas bp(high does) =shock +anaphlaxis+asthma

Question 28

muscrinc antagonist ?

Answer 28

atropin=antagonist eye(tropin)=atropinومشتاقاته=mydriasis cns=benzotropin+trihexyphendyl=parknsoin+acut dystonia Gi(G)=Glycopyyrolate iv=preopertive RS decrease secretion + prentral=decreas drooling peptic ulcer Gi(amin)=doclyoamine+hysocyamine=(irrtible bowel syndrom)+ (antisposmodic) RS(iprum)=duration ipratrupim

Question 29

cholinomemetic agents ?

Answer 29

direct? -(chol)=benthachol+carbachol+metacolin+pilocarpin inderict? - stagmine

Question 30

cholinomemetic-clincal use?

Answer 30

direct agonist(chole) 1-betha=urinary retention=حمام باث 2- carba=intraop- miosis=carعين 3-meth=dxx asthma=الميث بنشم بالخشم 4-pilocarpin=lincreas sliva+tears=open + close glucom + xeriostomia اللعاب inderct anticholenesteras (stagmin) 1-neostagmin=((revers mss blockedg post op ))+ periphral nuro= mysthenia gravies+ nuroginc 2-pyRIDEostigmin=get RIDE of MG 4-PHeostagmin= PHIX-atropin overdose antidot

Question 31

b - blocker selectivity ?

Answer 31

-β1 -selective antagonists (β 1 > β2 )—atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, esmolol, metoprolol=go (((from A to M (β with 1st half of alphabet))) -Nonselective antagonists (β 1 = β2 )—nadolol, propranolol, timolol=(((NonZelective antagonists mostly go from N to Z))

Question 32

carvedilol+Nebivolol moa?

Answer 32

-Nebivolol combines cardiac-selective=NebivOlol increases NO β1 -adrenergic blockade with stimulation of β3 -receptors (activate NO synthase in the vasculature and  increasing SVR) -Nonselective α- and β-antagonists—carvedilol, labetalol=Nonselective α- and β-antagonists have modified suffixes (instead of “-olol”)

Question 33

b-blocker uses?

Answer 33

glucoma=Timolol cvs=angina + HTN+mi+cardiomyo=مش مهم النوع= heart faiuler=Bisoprolol, carvedilol, metoprolol (β-blockers curb mortality) Variceal bleeding=Nadolol, propranolol, carvedilol for no portal circulation SVT=Metoprolol, esmolol Hyperthyroidism/ thyroid storm=propranolol

Question 34

beta blocker moa in each system?

Answer 34

1-cvs=decreas heart rate and contractility +decreasing o2 demand+ in hf=Blockade of neurohormonal stress Ž of deleterious cardiac remodeling inHTN=cardiac output,  renin secretion (due to β1receptor blockade on JG cells) + av condaction 2-opthalmo=decreas aqumes production=decreas iop 3-hepatic failue=prevent veseral bleeding=decreasing hepatic venous pressure gradient and portal hypertension (prophylactic use)