hls pharma

Question 1

Direct coagulation factor inhibitors moa + clincal use ?

Answer 1

1-bivalirudin+argatroban+dabigatran=dirict thrombinnnn inhibitor= anti dote idarucizumab
2-apixban+endoxaban+ rivaroxban= direct xxx inhibitor anti dot andexanet

Question 2

anti dot for direct factor anticoagulant?

Answer 2

dabigatrannn=idarucizumab
apixxi= andexanet

Question 3

direct anticoagulant uses?

Answer 3

يعني الاثنين نفس الاثي
xx=dvt + pe + profliaxis from strok with pt afib

nnn= venoes thromboisi + afib

يعني الاثنين نفس الاثي

Question 4

Antiplatelets agent

Answer 4

1-Aspirin
2-Clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor
3- Eptifibatide, tirofiban
4-Cilostazol, dipyridamole

Question 5

asprin moa + clincal uses?

Answer 5

Irreversibly blocks COX Ž decreas TXA 2 release = no recruitment of platlet

use in Acute coronary syndrome; coronary stenting.  decreas incidence or recurrence of thrombotic stroke

Question 6

Clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor moa c clincal use?

Answer 6

Block ADP (P2Y12 ) receptor Ž  decreas ADP-induced expression of GpIIb/IIIa
Same as aspirin; dual antiplatelet therapy

Question 7

Eptifibatide, tirofiban moa + clincal uses?

Answer 7

fiban= inhibt fibrengin receptor in activated platlet Gpii

Unstable angina, percutaneous coronary intervention

Question 8

Cilostazol, dipyridamole moa + clincal uses?

Answer 8

Block phosphodiesterase Ž decreas cAMP hydrolysis Ž decreas cAMP in platelets

clincal use=Intermittent claudication, stroke prevention, cardiac stress testing, prevention of coronary stent restenosis

Question 9

Thrombolytics moa + clincal use?

Answer 9

alteplas tectoplase
Directly or indirectly aid conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, which cleaves thrombin and fibrin clots.  PT,  PTT, no change in platelet count.

Early MI, early ischemic stroke, direct thrombolysis of high-risk PE.

Question 10

thrombolytic SE ?

Answer 10

Bleeding. Contraindicated in patients with active bleeding, history of intracranial bleeding,

recent surgery, known bleeding diatheses, or severe hypertension. Nonspecific reversal with antifibrinolytics (eg, aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid), platelet transfusions, and factor corrections (eg, cryoprecipitate, FFP, PCC).

Question 11

heparin moa + clincal use?

Answer 11

activeats antitheombin which decreas factor 2(thrombin) and x activity

clincal use= imediate anticoagulant for PE and MI + dvt + use during pregnancy =does not cross placenta

MINTOR PTT

Question 12

heprin SE?

Answer 12

heprin induce thrombocytopenia 2 type .
osteoprosis
renal tubeler acedosis

Question 13

differ between 2 type of HIT?

Answer 13

type 1 =mild platlet count more than 100 000+ transiant non immunological + non clincal signfecant

type 2= development of igG antibody against heprin bondeing platlet factor pf4 بروتين موجود ع البليتليت برتبط فيه الهيبارين then removal by splinc macrophage develop after 4-5 after admistration of heprin commen in((( un fractenated heprin )))
tretment by stop heprin and start another like fandoprinx

Question 14

Unfractionated heparin vs Enoxaparin is a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)??

Answer 14

Unfractionated heparin has more molecules than LMWH, allowing it to bind factor Xa and thrombin; it is more effective than LMWH in inactivating thrombin

Enoxaparin is a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) that functions like heparin in that it binds and activates antithrombin III (AT III). Activated AT III binds to factor Xa and stops factor Xa from converting prothrombin to thrombin. Due to its fewer number of molecules, LMWH acts primarily on factor Xa, not thrombin.

Unfractionated heparin used in patients with renal insufficiency (low-molecular-weight heparins should be used with caution because they undergo renal clearance).