gi pharma

Question 1

octoride (somatostatin)moa + clincal use?

Answer 1

somatostatin agoinst inhibts growth hormon and tsh and gi hormon

vesiral bleeding , acromegaly, vipoma, carcinoed tumer

Question 2

Sulfasalazine moa + clincal use

Answer 2

smx(antibiotc) + amino ylcilc acide(anti inflamtory) خلطه

ulcerative coli + crhons

Question 3

Loperamide, diphenoxylate moa + clincal use

Answer 3

Agonists at μ-opioed receptor = decreas gi motlity = low cns pentration

use in diarria

Question 4

Loperamide + diphenoxylate SE ?

Answer 4

constipation + nausea

Question 5

Sulfasalazine SE

Answer 5

Malaise,

nausea,ادويه gi اغلبهم هيك بعمل

reversible oligospermia.بطلع بالبول باثر

Question 7

octoride SE?

Answer 7

nasie + cramps + steatorrhia

Question 8

misoprostol SE?

Answer 8

diarrhia + ممنوع بالبنات بسن حمل بعمل اجهاض

Answer 9

PGE 1 analog= increas production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, 

decreases acid production

Question 10

Bismuth + sucralfate moa+ clincal uses?

Answer 10

Bind to ulcer = physical protection + allowing HCO 3 – secretion . Sucralfate requires acidic environment, not given with PPIs/H2 blockers.

increas ulcer healing,
trets travelers’ diarrhea (bismuth).
Bismuth also used in quadruple therapy for H pylori.

Question 11

Antacids moa + SE ?

Answer 11

alternating ph of urine and gastric and causes hypokalimia

(Aluminumhydroxide)= Constipation, Hypophosphatemia, Osteodystrophy, Proximal muscle weakness,Seizures
نزل الفوسفات بخرب العظم والعضلات
calcium carbonaet =hypercalcimia

Magnesium hydroxide = Diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, cardiacarrest

Question 12

Antiemetics agent + moa?

Answer 12

All act centrally in chemoreceptor trigger zone of area postrema.
1- ondoesteron +granisetron= sertonin 5ht antagonist+ dcrease vagal stimulation
2-clopram+Prochlorperazine=D2 antagonist + increase gastric empting
3-pitant=nurolukin receptor = substance p receptor =antagonist
4-Antimuscarinics (anticholinergics)=Scopolamine
5-Antihistamines=Meclizine

Question 13

Orlistat moa + clincal use?

Answer 13

Inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase Ž  breakdown and absorption of dietary fats. Taken with fat-containing meals.

causes wight loss uses to loses wight

Question 14

type of anticonstipation ?

Answer 14

1-bulk forming زياده حجم البراز= + بيسيليوم سيليلوز
2-osmotic forming زياذه المي بالبراز لاكتوز
3-stmulint laxitive العصب بتحفز= بيسكوديل +senna
4-emolint laxitiveليونه البراز=docusate
5- Guanylate cyclase-C agonist بتدخل السوائل للبراز=oatide
6- seratoginc agonistالعصب بتخفز =pruclopride
7- NHE3 inhibiter بفوت سوائل للبراز=tenapanor

Question 15

antiemetic exact clincal use for each type?

Answer 15

-anti hi + anti chol= Vestibular nausea
Motion sickness.

-anti dopa + sero = Migraine headache (DRAs)
Acute or chronic nausea/vomiting
Acute chemotherapy-induced emesis

-anti Neurokinin-1 (NK1 =Delayed chemotherapy-induced emesis

Question 16

anti emtic drug S/E?

Answer 16

1-anti his+ anti choli==Anticholinergic effects (eg, dry mouth, sedation)
2-anti dopa= excceive cholinargic activation (Extrapyramidal reactions) عشان بخرب الميزان بينه وبين ال ach
3-anti seratonin= QT prolongation
4-anti-Neurokinin-1 (NK1=Neutropenia

Question 17

histamin moa?

Answer 17

H-1=works on Gq(have mm) receptor causing contraction of smooth muscle=has ach effects
H-2=works on Gs receptor causing increas in muscle tone