Ch9 ANS 2

Question 1

Preganglionic fibers that ascend from the upper thoracic cord supply

Answer 1

cervical paravertebral ganglia

Question 2

cervical ganglia consist of

Answer 2

• superior ganglia
• middle ganglia
• cervicothoracic ganglia

Question 3

How is the cervicothoracic ganglion formed?

Answer 3

fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglion

Question 4

postganglionic fibers of the superior and stellate ganglia innervate

Answer 4

• arteries of the face
• dilate pupil
• elevate upper eyelid

Question 5

postganglionic fibers from lower lumbar and parasacral paravertebral ganglia innervate

Answer 5

blood vessels in the lower limb

Question 6

Where do preganglionic fibers travel?

Answer 6

splanchnic nerves

Question 7

Sympathetic signals to the gastrointestinal tract do this

Answer 7

• stop peristalsis
• reduce glandular secretions
• constrict sphincters of the digestive system

Question 8

primary function of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 8

maintain optimal blood supply in the organs

Question 9

Moderate activity of the sympathetic system stimulates:

Answer 9

• smooth muscle in blood vessel walls

- maintaining some contraction of vessel walls

Question 10

What happens in the ANS with increasing sympathetic activity?

Answer 10

vasoconstriction

Question 11

What happens with decreasing sympathetic activity?

Answer 11

vasodilation

Question 12

What happens when someone feels threatened?

Answer 12

• sympathetic prepares for vigorous muscle activity (fight or flight)
• vasoconstriction in skin and gut increases blood flow to active muscles
• BP/HR increase
• blood glucose increases
• bronchi and coronary vessels dilate
• activity of digestive system reduced

Question 13

What are two things that cause body temp regulation?

Answer 13

• effects on metabolism

- effectors in skin

Question 14

Where is epinephrine released?

Answer 14

adrenal medulla

Question 15

What does epinephrine do (temperature)?

Answer 15

increases metabolic rate

Question 16

sympathetic signals in body temp control

Answer 16

control

• diameter of blood vessels
• secretion of sweat glands
• erection of hairs on skin

Question 17

regulation of blood flow: capacitance vessels

Answer 17

skeletal muscle veins and venules

Question 18

regulation of blood flow: What can happen if blood pooling in LE and abdomen isn’t prevented?

Answer 18

drop in BP

• deprives brain of blood supply
• causes syncope

Question 19

arterial walls of skeletal muscle contain

Answer 19

α-adrenergic receptors

Question 20

What acts on α-adrenergic receptors to cause vasoconstriction?

Answer 20

norepinephrine

Question 21

In addition to norepinephrine, what else can affect arteriole diameter?

Answer 21

local blood chemistry

Question 22

sympathetic control in the head: blood flow, sweating, erection of hair cells

compared to rest of the body

Answer 22

identical to sympathetic actions in remainder of the body

Question 23

sympathetic control in the head: control of the eye

Answer 23

sympathetic signals dilate the pupil and assist in elevating upper eyelid