FSG 4

Question 1

functions of inferior medulla

Answer 1

• MLF coordinates eye and head movements
• connect SC to contralateral CC
• CN V fibers transmit pain and temperature info (synapse in caudal medulla)

Question 2

functions of superior medulla

Answer 2

• regulate head and eye movements and postural activity

- coordinate cardiovascular control, breathing, head movements, and swallowing

Question 3

What’s in the inferior medulla?

Answer 3

• central canals
• pyramids
• olive
• pyramidal decussation
• STT
• DCML synapse
• CNs
• MLF

Question 4

What’s in the superior medulla?

Answer 4

• 4th ventricle
• CN nuclei clustered dorsally
• nucleus ambiguus
• pontomedullary junction
• ION

Question 5

Which CN nuclei are clustered in the superior medulla (dorsally)

Answer 5

• hypoglossal
• dorsal motor of x
• solitary nucleus
• vestibular nuclei

Question 6

What does the nucleus ambiguus do?

Answer 6

contributes to motor for

• pharynx
• larynx
• esophagus

Question 7

Where is the central canal?

Answer 7

lower medulla, continuous with SC

Question 8

Where is the 3rd ventricle?

Answer 8

junction between midbrain and pons

Question 9

Where is the 4th ventricle?

Answer 9

upper medulla

Question 10

What are the primary medullary functions?

Answer 10

• CV control
• breathing
• head movement
• swallowing
• eye and head movements
• some reflex circuits

Question 11

What is in the anterior pons?

Answer 11

• descending tracts
• pontine nuclei
• pontocerebellar axons

Question 12

anterior pons: descending tracts

Answer 12

• CST
• corticobrainstem
• corticopontine

Question 13

What is in the posterior pons?

Answer 13

• sensory tracts
• RF
• autonomic pathways
• MLF
• CN nuclei 5-7

Question 14

How does the pons connect to the cerebellum?

Answer 14

via pontocerebellar fibers via middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 15

What are the 3 major parts of the midbrain?

Answer 15

• basis pedunculi
• midbrain tegmentum
• midbrain tectum

Question 16

What is in the basis pedunculi?

Answer 16

• cerebral peduncles

- SN

Question 17

Functions of the basis pedunculi

Answer 17

acts as a pathway for descending tracts from the CC via the cerebral peduncles

Question 18

What structures are in the midbrain tegmentum?

Answer 18

• vertical sensory tracts
• superior cerebellar peduncle
• red nucleus
• PPN
• CN III and IV nuclei

Question 19

Red nucleus receives info from these places

Answer 19

• contralateral cerebellum

- CC

Question 20

What does the midbrain tegmentum do?

Answer 20

• supplies efferents to extraocular muscles and pupillary sphincter/ciliary muscles
• regulates muscle tone

Question 21

function of periaqueductal gray

Answer 21

acts to suppress pain and initiate fight or flight response

Question 22

What is in the midbrain tectum?

Answer 22

• pretectal area

- colliculi

Question 23

functions of pretectal area

Answer 23

• reflexive eye and head movements

- 3 eye reflexes

Question 24

functions of colliculi

Answer 24

relay auditory info

Question 25

Where is the periaqueductal gray?

Answer 25

surrounding the cerebral aqueduct in the midbrain tegmentum