An indirect but profound result of the spiritual revivals that swept Great Britain in America in the 18th century; a time characterized by dramatic changes in agriculture, industry, and technology; began the age of industry
Industrial revolution
A period of great progress for western civilization in Europe in America; give the name and dates for this era
Age of industry, 1760 to 1900
What was known as growing just enough food to feed your own family
Subsistence farming
What is the most critical material factor in determining how far a nation may advance
Mastery of the food supply
How did the great revivals of the 18th century change people’s attitude towards work? Describe the Protestant work ethic
Work was given a nuisance of nobility; the way of life based on the biblical teaching that God expects almond to work, and that all work is a noble duty to be performed towards God
Name three important agricultural inventions during the 18th and 19th century and identify the men who invented them
- Jethro Tull - Seed drill.
- John Deere – seed plow.
- Cyrus McCormick – reaper
Other important agricultural inventions include the thresher and the combine(a combination of the reaper and the thresher)
What was the relationship between agriculture and industry during the industrial revolution?
They were complementary; increased agricultural production equal more efficient, farming, methods, and new farming implements prepare, prepared the way for the industrial revolution
The process in which work was done in small private shops, usually within a craftsman home; often the entire family participated in the manufacturing process
Domestic system
The process where an increasing number of people were employed to produce manufactured goods in a systematic way for wages; replaced the domestic system
Factory system
Wages as compared to the cost of living
Real wages
Where did the industrial revolution begin?
In England’s textile factories
What did Eli Whitney invent and what was the effect that it had on the south?
He invented the cotton gin; this revolutionized agriculture in the south and made cotton “king” in the southern states
This movement was begun by landowner’s, who enclosed their land with fences or hedges in order to raise sheep; although this movement forced many peasant farmers off the land, it enables landholders to control breeding of livestock, and they’re increased the size and quality of livestock and milk production
The enclosure movement
Give five important textile inventions, and the men who invented them
- John Kay – the flying shuttle.
- James Hargreaves – spinning Jenny.
- Richard Arkwright – spinning frame.
- Samuel Crompton – spinning mule.
- Edmund Cartwright – power loom.
Who developed a practical cool burning steam engine in 1776
James Watt
What do improvements in technology always do?
Improve upon or add to our natural resources to make life better for all
What is the most important invention for the safety of coal miners and who invented it?
Sir Humphrey, Davy, minor safety lamp
Name the two men who independently discovered the process of converting raw iron into steel; what is this process called?
Henry Bessemer – Englishman.
William Kelly – American
This process is known as the Bessemer process
Give four solutions to transportation in the 19th century
Canals, railroads, cars, steamboats
Give two canals built in the 19th century and what they connect
Erie Canal – connect the Hudson River to Lake Erie
Suez Canal – connects the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean through the Red Sea
Long lean sailing vessels, known for speed on the high seas and invented by Americans
Clipper ships
What eventually surpassed clipper ships, and who invented the first practical one? Give the name of the ship.
Steamboat – Robert Fulton – Clermont
Built the first practical steam power locomotive
George Stephenson
Perfected the internal combustion engine; was a German inventor
Gottlieb Daimler
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Chapter 1 - Foundations for Studying History18
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Chapter 2: Sumer40
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Chapter 3 : The Middle East62
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Chapter 4: Other Asian Cultures68
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Chapter 5: Egypt44
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Chapter 6: Other African Cultures44
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Chapter 7: Greece97
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Chapter 8 : Rome79
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Chapter 9 : Early Church History48
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Chapter 10: the Byzantine Empire32
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Chapter 11: The Dark Ages95
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Chapter 12: Medieval Culture91
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Chapter 13: the Rise Of The Modern Ages141
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Chapter 14 - The Protestant Reformation43
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Chapter 15 - Post Reformation Europe74
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Chapter 16 - Post Reformation SC and Culture50
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Chapter 17 - France : the Road to Revolution71
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Chapter 18 - England and America: Quest for Freedom59
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Chapter 1951
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Chapter 2083
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Chapter 2147
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Chapter 2254
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Chapter 2358
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Chapter 2453
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Chapter 2518
