the spirit that incited the hearts of many europeans after/during the French Revolution; a desire to break loose from their est. governments and rule themselves based on what they saw as natural boundaries of national origin
revolutionary nationalism
the spirit of revolutionary nationals left continental Europe with two choices :
- anarchy - political disorder and violence with no government
- dictatorship
the five great english poets who dominated the romantic period ( the first third of the 19th century)
Wordsworth, Coleridge, byron, Shelley, keats
2 famous French romanticists
2 famous German romanticists
- novelist victor Hugo and painter delacroix
- writer Goethe and composer Wagner
the false idea that God is not separate from nature but that nature is God
pantheism
German philosopher who supported idealism
Immanuel Kant
define idealism and also give the name and definition of the dangerous philosophy it opened the door to
- bases though and action on the way one wishes things were rather than reality
- rationalism - truth is relative and dependent on man’s reasoning
another German philosopher who introduced dialectic thinking; define dialectic thinking
GWF Hegel
the idea that one fact or idea (thesis) works against a contradictory fact (antithesis) to create a “new fact” (synthesis)
basically says that conflict is good because it creates a better world
unchangeable truths
absolutes
German theologian who was profoundly influenced by Kant’s idealism’ he was one of the most influential theologians of nineteenth century protestantism; aka the Father of Theological Liberalism; state what he “created”
Friedrich Schleiermacer
created a theology of feeling that emphasized a feeling od dependence rather than faith in God’s word
one product of relativism and religious liberalism in the 19th century which questioned the inspiration, authority, texts, and meaning of the Bible
higher criticism
who is higher criticism still popular among today; aka religious liberals; what do they believe
modernists - believe that the Bible is merely a piece of literature that should be judged with the reasoning powers of men
- States organized together by the Congress of Vienna; this was how Napoleon had reconstituted the holy Roman empire
German confederation
Formed by the quintuple alliance and is also known as as the concept of Europe; these countries met periodically and work together to put down any revolution rumblings
Congress system
- Spaniards born in the colonies.
2.Latin Americans of mixed Spanish and indigenous ancestry
- What did these two groups have in common?
Creoles
Mestizos
They wanted independence from Spain/Europe
Statement issued by President Monroe that warned European powers that intervention in Latin America would be looked upon by the United States as an unfriendly act
Monroe doctrine, 1823
What was the Congress of Vienna name the four key diplomat in the countries each represented
The meeting of the leading diplomats of Europe to create a political solution when Europe’s problem was spiritual
1. Czar Alexander I of Russia.
2.Lord Castlereagh of Britain
3.Charles Maurie de Talleyrand of France
4. Prince von Metternich of Austria
Who was the prince of diplomats? Briefly explained his plans for peace in Europe.
Prince Von Metternich of Austria
His plan for Europe:
1. Restore the royal family that have been empowering each country before Napoleon came to power.
2. In Circle, France with stable monarchy so that France would be hemmed in from future expansion.
3. Compensate each country for any land lost in the redrawing of national boundaries.
4. Established a new balance of power among European nations so that each alliance of nations, we have enough strength to deter the aggression of the other
Name and describe the alliances that came out of the Congress of Vienna
- Quadruple alliance – Austria, Prussia, Russia, Great Britain; purpose was to prevent future aggression in Europe.
- Quintuple alliance; formed when France joined the quadruple alliance in 1818.
- Holy alliance – joined by most of the nations represented at the Congress of Vienna; goal was to follow policy based on “holy religion, mainly the precepts of justice, Christian charity and peace”
Name three men who helped to win independence for several countries in Latin America, which one was known as the liberator
Jose de San Martin and Bernado O’Higgins won Chilean independence in 1818
Simon Bolívar led his army to victory over the Spaniards winning independence for Bolivia - he was known as the liberator
What event resulted in the final breakdown of the Congress system? What treaty was Turkey forced to accept by England, France and Russia in 1829?
- England, France, and Russia assisted the Greek rebellion in overthrowing the Turkish rule and gaining their independence.
- Treaty of Adrianople
Came to the French throne after Napoleon’s fall; he maintained peace in France, but pleased no one
Louis XVIII
What led to difficult compromises and unstable government in France?
The tradition of France multiparty system
Who succeeded Louis XVIII; he dissolved Francis legislator after the legislator refused to support his autocratic program this led to the July revolution of 1830 and him ultimately having to flee France
Charles X
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Chapter 1 - Foundations for Studying History18
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Chapter 2: Sumer40
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Chapter 3 : The Middle East62
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Chapter 4: Other Asian Cultures68
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Chapter 5: Egypt44
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Chapter 6: Other African Cultures44
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Chapter 7: Greece97
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Chapter 8 : Rome79
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Chapter 9 : Early Church History48
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Chapter 10: the Byzantine Empire32
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Chapter 11: The Dark Ages95
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Chapter 12: Medieval Culture91
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Chapter 13: the Rise Of The Modern Ages141
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Chapter 14 - The Protestant Reformation43
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Chapter 15 - Post Reformation Europe74
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Chapter 16 - Post Reformation SC and Culture50
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Chapter 17 - France : the Road to Revolution71
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Chapter 18 - England and America: Quest for Freedom59
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Chapter 1951
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Chapter 2083
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Chapter 2147
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Chapter 2254
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Chapter 2358
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Chapter 2453
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Chapter 2518
