Chapter 2: Sumer

Question 1

narrow strip of land named for its fruitfulness and shape and was the location for earth’s earliest peoples and cultures

Answer 1

fertile crescent

Question 2

another name for the fertile cresent

Answer 2

cradle of civilization

Question 3

what the Fertile Crescent was called by the greeks, and it means “between the rivers”

Answer 3

mesopotamia

Question 4

two most important rivers to mesopotamia

Answer 4

tigris and Euphrates

Question 5

what was the Fertile Crescent called in the Bible

Answer 5

the Plain of Shinar

Question 6

the site of the first postdiluvian civilization

Answer 6

sumer

Question 7

three oldest Sumerian settlements

Answer 7

Eridu, Uruk, Ur

Question 8

Sumerians greatest contribution to civilization

Answer 8

cuneiform- the art of writing

Question 9

3 stages of cuneiform

Answer 9

pictograms
ideograms
phonograms

Question 10

who decoded cuneiform

Answer 10

sir Henry c Rawlinson

Question 11

signs representing syllables

Answer 11

syllabary

Question 12

when does recorded Sumerian history begin

Answer 12

early dynastic age

Question 13

who united the Sumerian city states by conquest and started the old Akkadian period

Answer 13

Sargon Akkad

Question 14

history’s second great empire builder

Answer 14

Sargon Akkad

Question 15

who developed the worlds most ancient law code

Answer 15

Ur-nammu

Question 16

who came to Sumerian throne in 2100 b.c. and started the third dynasty of ur

Answer 16

Ur-nammu

Question 17

what was the age called when Ur-nammu ruled

Answer 17

the Golden Age of Ur

Question 18

the way of life of a group of people

Answer 18

culture

Question 19

when a peoples culture begins to include specialized division of labor, a written language, a code of laws, a formal organized civilized government, and the development of arts and sciences

Answer 19

civilization

Question 20

what must you have a mastery over before you start to develop a civilization

Answer 20

food supply

Question 21

worlds first civilization

Answer 21

Sumer

Question 22

the process of transmitting the cultural heritage of a people from on generation to the next

Answer 22

education

Question 23

who was the first to develop a system of formal schooling

Answer 23

Sumerians

Question 24

Sumerian school name and its meaning

Answer 24

edubba
“tablet house”

Question 25

the most important Sumerian industry in terms of commercial activity

Answer 25

textiles

Question 26

huge Sumerian temple-towers in which one terrace was built upon another, each a little smaller than the one below it

Answer 26

ziggurats

Question 27

two examples of the Sumerians contributions to math

Answer 27

360 degrees in a circle, the number 60 as being important, and the middle eastern money system

Question 28

Sumerians contribution to astronomy

Answer 28

lunar months - based on the moon cycles

Question 29

the false belief that heavenly bodies influence the affairs of humans and their destinies

Answer 29

astrology

Question 30

the spreading of cultural traits and patterns through stimulation and development and influence

Answer 30

cultural diffusion

Question 31

name for the Sumerian king and its meaning

Answer 31

lugal "big man"

Question 32

the four classes of the Sumerian society and a short description

Answer 32

1. nobles - ruling princes and their families, palace administrators, and the most important priests of the temples 2. commoners - free citizens who lived in extended patriarchal families. owned and worked their own land 3. clients - temple employees and those who worked the nobility's estates 4. slaves - POW from foreign enemies. worked in the temples, palaces, and large estates.

Question 33

belief in one God

Answer 33

monotheism

Question 34

worshipping nature

Answer 34

naturalist

Question 35

belief in many gods

Answer 35

polytheism

Question 36

what describes the Sumerian religion

Answer 36

1. naturalists - all their gods personified some element of creation 2. humanism - their gods were nothing more than glorified, immortal men who had supernatural powers 3. polytheism - they had around 5000 gods or goddesses

Question 37

the oldest work of literature outside of the Bible

Answer 37

the Epic of Gilgamesh

Question 38

what did the Epic of Gilgamesh reveal about the Sumerian's beliefs

Answer 38

they had an uncertainty about man's future destiny

Question 39

a long poem written in a dignified form which tells the story of a great fictitious or historical hero

Answer 39

epic

Question 40

when and where did Abraham live in Sumer and what made him different from the majority of Sumerians

Answer 40

he lived in Ur around 2000 b.c. and believed and obeyed the one true God