9th > Chapter 25 Lesson 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Lesson 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What did the United States begin to intervene in?

A

The affairs of its southern neigbors

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2
Q

What year did Jose Marti return to Cuba and lead a revolt against Spanish rule?

A

1895

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3
Q

Who was Jose Marti

A

Cuban exile who lead a rebellion against Spain

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4
Q

What happened to Marti’s forces

A

They were brutally crushed

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5
Q

When did the Spanish American War start?

A

1898

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5
Q

What did the U.S. do in response to Spain crushing Marti’s forces?

A

They were shocked and it led them to declare war

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6
Q

What did the Spanish-American War result in?

A

Cuba became a U.S. protectorate and they annexed Puerto Rico

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7
Q

Who supported a rebellion for Panamanian independence and why?

A

Theodore Roosevelt because they made a deal that if they got independence, the U.S. would get a 10-mile strip to build the canal

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8
Q

when did the Panama Canal open?

A

1914

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9
Q

How long does the Panama Canal take to cross?

A

8-10 Hours

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10
Q

In 1904, where did Roosevelt expand American involvement?

A

Latin America

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11
Q

In 1904, European powers threatened to send warships to the Dominican, why?

A

to collect debts owed to them

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12
Q

What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

A

Roosevelt’s statement that claimed that the United States could intervene in any Latin American nation guilty of chronic misconduct

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13
Q

what does gross misconduct mean

A

inability to pay debts

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14
Q

What did the United States take control of? (Roosevelt Corollary)

A

Debt collection in the Dominican Republic

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15
Q

Did American investments expand or shrink

A

Expand

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16
Q

In the early 1900s, what did America begin to pursue?

A

Dollar diplomacy

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17
Q

What is dollar diplomacy?

A

extending influence with investments (in Latin America)

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18
Q

Who became the source of loans after Europe?

A

U.S.

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19
Q

Why did the U.S. send troops to Latin American countries?

A

to protect their investments

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20
Q

How long did the U.S. stay in Nicaragua and Haiti for?

A

Almost 20 years

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21
Q

Did the Latin Americans like the American influence?

A

No, they became the big bully to the north to them.

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22
Q

Where did landholding elites control the governments?

A

Argentina and Chile

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23
Q

What did Latin American government look like after the Mexican Revolution?

A

Similar constitutions to those of America and European nations but with limited voting rights

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24
Who did large landowners support?
conservative dictators who looked out for their interests
25
Who was Porfirio Diaz
Mexican dictator who created a conservative and centralized government
26
Who supported Diaz?
the army, foreign capitalists, large landowners, and the Catholic Church
27
Why did certain groups support Diaz?
because they benefited from their alliance with him
28
What led Mexico to a revolution?
growing forces for change
29
Did Diaz increase wages?
No, they lowered during his reign.
30
What percent of rural population was landless?
95%
31
How many families owned almost all of Mexico’s farmland?
1,000
32
Who was Francisco Madero
liberal landowner who forced Diaz out of power in 1911
33
What did Madero do to get rid of dictatorial reign? (Not overthrow, in his time as leader)
he made a valiant effort to handle the revolutionary forces and put some great officials in his administration and sought a balance in dealing with foreign interests, but failed.
34
What made the northern states of Mexico go into anarchy?
Pancho Villa and his bandits sweeping the countryside
35
What was the federal army full of?
hard-minded generals who itched to assert their power
36
Who blamed Madero for not fixing all the problems at once?
Everyone
37
Madero’s ineffectiveness created a demand for what?
Agrarian (agriculture) reform
38
Who led the Agrarian reform?
Emiliano Zapata
39
Who was Emiliano Zapata
A guy who aroused the masses of landless peasants and redistributed the estates to them. Madero tried to make an agreement, but he refused.
40
What did the Mexican Revolution damage?
their economy
41
When did Mexico get a new constitution?
1917
42
What goals did the new constitution complete?
political reform for leaders and land reforms for peasants.
43
What did the new constitution set up?
a government led by a president and elected by universal male suffrage, land reform policies, limited foreign investment, a minimum wage, rights to form a union, limited rights working hours, etc.
44
what did the revolution help do to the government?
made it more stable and democratic and also more patriotic
45
why did Latin America begin an age of prosperity?
because they were exporting basic items
46
What did Latin America export?
wheat, beef, coffee, bananas, sugar, and silver
47
What did Latin America want in exchange for their exports?
manufactured goods and finished goods
48
Did Latin America stay economically dependent after exporting?
yes
49
Were former slaves and their descendants at the bottom of the social pyramid?
yes
50
Were the indigenous still poor?
yes
51
What was one result of the prosperity of increased exports?
growth in the middle sectors
52
Did lawyers, merchants, shopkeepers, businesspeople, school teachers, professors, bureaucrats, and military officers increase in size?
yes
53
Did Latin Americans in the middle class share characteristics?
yes
54
what characteristics did middle class Latin Americans share
lived in cities, sought education and decent incomes, saw the U.S. as a model in regard to industrialization.
55
What did the middle class seek?
liberal reform, and after they got the right to vote, they sided with the landholding elites.
56
As the Latin American economies grew, what else grew?
the working class and labor unions
57
what did radical unions do?
advocated the use of general strike as an instrument for change
58
What were the governing elites able to stifle the political influence of?
the working class by limiting their right to vote
59
what did the need for industrial workers lead Latin American countries to seek?
European immigrants
9th
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