Conversing
-It is based on the idea of a person having a conversation with a system, where the system acts as a dialogue partner
Manipulating
-It exploit’s someone’s knowledge of how they move and manipulate in the physical world
-It can involve actions using physical controllers or air gestures to control the movements of an on-screen avatar
-Tagged physical objects that are manipulated in a physical world result in physical/digital events
Three core properties of Direct manipulation
-Continuous representation of objects and actions of interest
-Physical actions and button pressing instead of issuing commands with complex syntax
-Rapid reversible actions with immediate feedback on object of interest
Benefits of direct manipulation
(NUUE)
-Novices can learn the basic functionality quickly
-Users experience less anxiety
-Users gain confidence and mastery and feel in control
-Error messages rarely needed
Disadvantages of direct manipulation
-Can become screen space ‘gobblers’
-Some people take the metaphor of direct manipulation too literally
-Some tasks are better achieved through delegating
-Not all tasks can be described by objects, and not all actions can be done directly
Exploring
-Involves moving through virtual or physical environments
-People can explore aspects of a 3D environment
Responding
-It involves the system taking the initiative to alert, describe, or show a person something that it “thinks” is of interest or relevance to the context they are presently in
The response system takes initiative by
-detecting the location and-or presence of someone in a vicinity and notifying them on their phone or smartwatch
-what it has learned from their repeated behaviors
Potential cons of system-initiated notifications
-Can get tiresome or frustrating to recieve too many notifications or if the system gets it wrong
Choosing an interaction type
-Direct manipulation is good for ‘doing’ types of tasks,
-Issuing instructions is good for repetitive tasks
-Having a conversation is good for finding out information,
-Hybrid conceptual models are good for supporting multiple ways of carrying out the same actions
Interaction type
A description of what a person is doing when interacting with a system,
Interface style
The kind of interface used to support the interaction,
