Types of cognition
-Thinking
-Remembering
-Learning
-Day-dreaming
-Decision making
-Seeing
-Writing
-Talking
Different modes of cognition
-Experiential cognition
-Reflective cognition
Experiential cognition
a state of mind where people perceive, act, and react to events around them intuitively and effortlessly.
Reflective cognition
involves mental effort, attention, judgment, and decision-making, which can lead to new ideas and creativity.
Another way of describing cognition
-Fast and slow thinking
Fast thinking
-Similar to experiential mode
-it is instinctive, reflexive, and effortless, and it has no sense of voluntary control.
Slow thinking
Takes more time and is considered to be more logical and demanding, and it requires greater concentration.
How can understanding cognition help HCI?
-Provides knowledge about what people can and cannot be expected to do.
-Identifies and explains the nature and causes of problems that people encounter when using technology
-Provides theories, modeling tools, guidance, and methods that can lead to the design of better interactive products
Cognitive processes
-Attention
-Perception
-Memory
-Learning
-Reading, speaking and listening
-Problem-solving, planning, reasoning and decision-making
Attention
It involves selecting things on which to concentrate, at a point in time, from the range of possibilities available, allowing us to focus on information that is relevant to what we are doing.
Perception
How information is acquired from the world and transformed into experiences
Perception Design implications
-Icons should enable users to distinguish their meaning readily
-Bordering and spacing are effective visual ways of grouping information
-Sounds should be audible and distinguishable
-Research proper color contrast techniques when designing an interface
-Haptic feedback should be used judiciously
Memory
-Involves recalling various kinds of knowledge that allow people to act appropriately.
Processing in memory
-Encoding is the first stage of memory
-The more attention paid to something the more it is processed in terms of thinking about it and comparing it with other knowledge
-The more it is to be remembered
Working memory
our ability to recall a small amount of information from a recent time period
Long term memory
the capacity to recall memories from a longer time ago
Memory design implications
-Reduce cognitive load by avoiding long and complicated procedures for carrying out tasks
-Design interfaces that promote recognition rather than recall
-Provide users with various ways of labelling digital information to help them easily identify it again
Learning
It involves the accumulation of skills and knowledge that would be impossible to achieve without memory
Types of learning
-Incidental learning
-Intentional learning
Incidental learning
occurs without any intention to learn
