Digestion

Question 1

front

Answer 1

back

Question 2

Define digestion vs absorption.

Answer 2

Digestion = chemical breakdown; absorption = nutrient uptake.

Question 3

Three GI regions.

Answer 3

Foregut, midgut, hindgut.

Question 4

Main absorption site.

Answer 4

Midgut (small intestine).

Question 5

Surface area increases via.

Answer 5

Villi + microvilli.

Question 6

Enteric NS role.

Answer 6

Controls motility + secretion; senses stretch/chemicals.

Question 7

Three regulation phases.

Answer 7

Cephalic, gastric, intestinal.

Question 8

Cephalic phase.

Answer 8

Feedforward salivation, HCl, motility.

Question 9

HCl secretion signals.

Answer 9

ACh + Gastrin.

Question 10

Zymogen definition.

Answer 10

Inactive proteases activated by low pH.

Question 11

Midgut hormones.

Answer 11

Secretin + CCK.

Question 12

Secretin.

Answer 12

Stimulates bicarbonate release to neutralize chyme.

Question 13

CCK.

Answer 13

↑pancreatic enzymes, bile salts; gallbladder contraction.

Question 14

Hydrophilic absorption.

Answer 14

Via secondary active transport/facilitated diffusion.

Question 15

Hydrophobic absorption.

Answer 15

Diffusion → TG packaged into chylomicrons → lymph.

Question 16

Hepatic portal system.

Answer 16

Gut → liver before systemic circulation.

Question 17

Hindgut function.

Answer 17

Reabsorbs water via Na⁺ active transport.