Mod 47/48

Question 1

What process does experince trigger?

Answer 1

The pruning process.
ex) social rats brains were more developed than solitary confinement rats

Question 2

What is the selection effect?

Answer 2

kids seek out peers with similar attitudes and interests

Question 3

Peer influence would have the strongest effect on

a) JS, who, at age 30, is deciding whether to propose to his girlfriend.

b) Frank, who, at age 10, is deciding whether to play baseball or hockey.

c) Arman, who, at age 18, is choosing between two highly rated colleges.

d) Linda, who, at age 45, is deciding which church group to join.

e) Johann, who, at age 7, is choosing a project for art class.

Answer 3

b) Frank, who, at age 10, is deciding whether to play baseball or hockey.

Question 4

Compared with rats raised in an enriched environment, which of the following is true of rats raised in isolation?

a) Their brain cortex is less developed.

b) Though neurologically similar, they fear other rats.

c) Their brains have more connections.

d) They have a thicker brain cortex.

e) The differences between the two groups are not statistically significant.

Answer 4

a) Their brain cortex is less developed.

Question 5

In which of the following examples would parents have the highest degree of influence?

a) In homes where children are severely neglected or abused

b) In determining a child’s personality

c) When a child is trying to fit in at a new school

d) When a young child is learning the language spoken at a new school

e) When a young person develops schizophrenia

Answer 5

b) In determining a child’s personality

Question 6

Neurologically, what is the function of pruning?

a) Pruning creates new connections between synapses through repeated experiences.

b) Pruning reduces the negative effects of teratogens by eliminating neural waste.

c) Pruning increases the weight of the brain through enriching experiences.

d) Pruning creates areas in the brain used in learning mathematics.

e) Pruning eliminates unused neural pathways.

Answer 6

e) Pruning eliminates unused neural pathways.

Question 7

What is adolescence?

Answer 7

years spent morphing from a child into an adult

Question 8

What is puberty?

Answer 8

the time we mature sexually

Question 9

What did Lawrence Kohlberg do?

Answer 9

posed moral dilemmas asking different age groups for responses.
1) Pre-conventional Morality
2)Conventional morality
3) post-conventional morality

Question 10

What did Jonathon Haidt believe?

Answer 10

morality is rooted in moral intuition –
quick gut feelings

Question 11

Walter Mischel’s famous “marshmallow test” found that

a) adolescents are unable to control most impulses.

b) adults who can delay gratification often have lower paying jobs.

c) children who can delay gratification are often successful as adults.

d) children who can delay gratification often do not flourish as adults.

e) adolescents who can delay gratification tend to be at the preconventional level of morality.

Answer 11

c) children who can delay gratification are often successful as adults.

Question 12

_____ focused on moral intuition and how people feel about moral situations. , however, ______ was more interested in moral reasoning and how people think about moral situations.

a) Kohlberg; Erikson

b) Erikson; Kohlberg

c) Piaget; Kohlberg

d) Piaget; Erikson

e) Haidt; Kohlberg

Answer 12

e) Haidt; Kohlberg

Question 13

Howard cheats in his calculus class, even though he knows it is wrong, because “everyone else is doing it.” Kohlberg would argue that Howard’s response reflects a view of morality.

a) myelinated

b) preconventional

c) conventional

d) postconventional

e) formal operational

Answer 13

c) conventional

Question 14

What development in adolescents allows for greater impulse control?

a) The hormonal surge of early adolescence

b) Hindbrain changes associated with the onset of puberty

c) Frontal lobe maturation in late adolescence

d) Limbic system development in mid-adolescence

e) A decrease in myelin production throughout adolescence

Answer 14

c) Frontal lobe maturation in late adolescence

Question 15

Piaget would argue that as an adolescent, Mildred is better able to understand calculus because she is in the

a) sensorimotor stage.

b) preoperational stage.

c) concrete operational stage.

d) formal operational stage.

e) accommodation stage.

Answer 15

d) formal operational stage.