Mod 6

Question 1

What is Correlation?

Answer 1

a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either
variable predicts the other

Question 2

How do positive correlations work? What about negative ones?

Answer 2

Positive/Direct ones go in the same direction (up or down), negative ones go inverse (up and down at the same time)

Question 3

What is a correlation coefficient?

Answer 3

statistical measure to figure how closely two things vary together

Question 4

What is a scatter plot?

Answer 4

graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the
points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables. The amount of scatter suggests the
strength of the correlation

Question 5

What does correlation not prove?

Answer 5

Causation, “am I taller because my shoes are bigger”

Question 6

What are Illusory Correlations?

Answer 6

Perceiving a relationship where none exists.

Question 7

What is experimentation?

Answer 7

a research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable). By random assignment of participants, the experimenter aims to control other relevant variables

Question 8

What is the Experiment group?

Answer 8

group exposed to the treatment

Question 9

What is the control group?

Answer 9

group not exposed to the treatment – serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the experiment

Question 10

What is random assignment?

Answer 10

assigning participants to experimental and control groups by chance, minimizing preexisting differences between the different groups (tries to equate the groups)

Question 11

What is the difference between random sampling/assignment?

Answer 11

Random sampling occurs before gathering informations and random assignment occurs after but they both lessen bias.

Question 12

What is the Double Blind Method?

Answer 12

Both participants and examiners are unsure of who has what.

Question 13

What Is the placebo effect?

Answer 13

experimental results caused by expectations alone

Question 14

What is the independent variable?

Answer 14

experimental factor that is manipulated

Question 15

What is the confounding variable?

Answer 15

a factor other than the I.V. that might produce an effect in an experiment

Question 16

What is the dependent variable?

Answer 16

the outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the I.V.

Question 17

What is validity?

Answer 17

the extent to which a test or experiment measures or predicts what it is supposed to