Encoding Failure
when a memory cannot be stored in long-term memory due to a problem during the initial processing of information. “in one ear, out the other”
Retroactive Interference
(Interference Theory) the learning of new information disrupts the ability to recall old information
Interference Theory
explains forgetting as a result of memories competing with and disrupting one another
Proactive Interference
(Interference Theory) old information hinders the recall of new information. Ex) calling a new pet by an old pets name
Misinformation Effect
The process in which new information alters the way pervious information is held in memory –> connected to retroactive interference.
Tip-Of-The-Tongue Phenomenon
when a memory feels available but not retreivable.
Repression
(Sigmund Freud) – controversial theory of forgetting that is the pushing of painful, embarrassing, or threatening memories out of awareness or consciousness “motivated forgetting”
Constructive memory
memories are actively reconstructed, elaborated on, or modified during retrieval.
Memory Consolidation
the process by which newly acquired information is transformed into LTM. Ex) learning new skills.
Imagination Inflation
the phenomenon where you repeatedly imagine or elaborate on an event, leading to an increased confidence in the events occurrence, even if it never actually happened.
Source Amnesia
the inability to remember the origin of a memory / how they acquired but correctly remembering the memory itself.
