APUSH unit 5

Question 1

How did Manifest Destiny affect land acquisition and policies?

Answer 1

-Switch from peaceful land acquisition to aggressive ones
LA Purchase->Mexican Cession(1848)/ Oregon Fever and treaty (1846)
Drive for nationalism, economic opportunity, cultural superiority

Question 2

What were the Causes and Effects of the Mexican-American War?

Answer 2

Causes:
-Slidell rejection
-Desires for California
-Border troubles (Rio Grande vs Nueces)

People were against the moral cause of the war (ex. Spot Resolutions, Wilmot Proviso 1846)

Effects:
-National security
-Land grant (Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo)
-Mexico paid

Land= debates over slavery; when cali is admitted as a free state, debate is sparked over the compromise which allowed it to happen, as it defied the missouri compromise line

Question 3

How crucial was slavery to the Southern way of life?

Answer 3

Allowed cotton industry to thrive with the cotton gin
->Why the Black Codes were created/ sharecropping; steady labor force to use

It was the only base of their economy, as it wasn;t diverse, leading to detrimental economic failure and transportation failure, shortages, and lack of population/supply for the war, causing the Cofederate loss

Relied on outside trade/imports; naval blockade is effective

Uncle Tom’s Cabin->Aunt Philluses; resistance to abolitionism and revolts like Harpers Ferry, Nat Turners, etc.
->Underground railroad created

Leads to secession; loses lots of power when war becomes about slavery

Question 4

What were the compromises over slavery and why did they fail?

Answer 4

-Missouri Compromise (1820); disproved later with compromise of 1850/kansas nebraska
-The Compromise of 1850; Led to northern anger over FSL, Southern anger at PopSov
-Kansas Nebraska; PopSov leads to Bleeding Kansas

Lincoln/parties attempted to resolve the slavery issue, but the diviseness of it eventually just led to party divisions, new formations, and secession/the emancipation proclamation

Question 5

What were the intermediate and long term causes and effects of the war?

Answer 5

Causes:
Short term-Fort Sumter, Lincoln’s election
Long term-Bleeding Kansas, Sumner v. Brooks, Mexican Cession, abolition increasing after the 2GA

Effects:
Short Term- South Destroyed, economic struggles/food shortages
Long Term- No more slavery, Federal government has more power, industrialization, women get more opportunities

Question 6

What were the strengths and weaknesses of the union and confederate sides

Answer 6

UNION:
strengths- Naval power, more people, more supplies, Strong government, transport
Weaknesses- offensive, weaker leaders\

CONFEDERATE:
strengths-skilled leaders, defensive, cotton diplomacy
weaknesses-weak government, overseas help relying

the confederates were going to hold out the war until the North gave out; however, the Union wanted to continueously attack the south’s supplies until they couldn’t fight anymore (Total War, Sherman’s March)

Question 7

What were the major Civil War Battles?

Answer 7

Fort Sumter- First battle, confed victory
Battle of Bull Run-proves that the war will be lengthy; Confed wins
Antietam- First Confed offensive; loss prevents cotton diplomacy from working in their favor + gave room for the Emancipation Proclomation
Gettysburg- Last offensive from Confed, leads to Gettysburg address
Grants overland trail-Loss of Southern supplies
VicksburgNorth claims the Mississippi
Sherman’s March To Sea-destruction of southern supplies, total war, leads to loss

The Emancipation Proclamation was important because it changed the meaning of the war, making Britain unable to help the South and gaining further AA support in regiments

The Gettysburg Address gave moral/patriotic meaning to the war, and made it emotional as a duty to protect the constitution/declaration of independence

Question 8

What was the Civil War’s impact on civilians and soldiers?

Answer 8

PTSD, economic struggle and food shortages, poverty, disease, death