Chapter 15 Workbook Flashcards by Tom Bowl

______ is a respiratory condition.

Asthma

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______ is a disorder in which blood does not clot normally.

Hemophilia

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______ ______ ______ is the inability of the heart to pump effectively.

Congestive heart failure

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______ ______ is the misuse of drugs or alcohol.

Substance abuse

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______ ______ is long term inflammation of the bronchi.

Chronic bronchitis

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______ ______ is a disorder of blood glucose regulation.

Diabetes mellitus

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______ ______ ______ is infection of the female reproductive organs.

Pelvic inflammatory disease

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______ is a temporary loss of consciousness.

Syncope

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______ is a persistent mood disorder.

Depression

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______ ______ are solid mineral deposits in the urinary tract.

Kidney stones

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______ is destruction of alveoli causing poor gas exchange.

Emphysema

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______ is inflammation of the appendix.

Appendicitis

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An ______ ______ is a severe, life threatening allergic response.

anaphylactic reaction

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A ______ ______ is the death of heart muscle due to blocked blood flow.

heart attack

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______ ______ ______ is an inherited disorder causing abnormally shaped red blood cells.

Sickle cell disease

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________ is inflammation of the pancreas.

Pancreatitis

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______ ______ is abnormal or excessive bleeding from the vagina.

Vaginal bleeding

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_______ is inflammation or infection of diverticula in the colon.

Diverticulitis

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_______ _______ is illness caused by ingestion of toxic plants.

Plant poisoning

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A _______ is a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain.

seizure

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The most important aspect of the scene size-up is:
A. determining the number of patients
B. calling for additional resources
C. ensuring scene safety
D. determining the nature of the illness

C. ensuring scene safety

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The _____ is your awareness of and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illnesses.
A. nature of illness
B. index of suspicion
C. general impression
D. clinical impression

B. index of suspicion

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If your patient is alone and unresponsive, in order to obtain some form of medical history, you should:
A. ask people in the neighborhood
B. go through the patient’s wallet
C. survey the scene for medication containers or medical devices
D. search through the patient’s bedroom drawers for hidden illegal drugs

C. survey the scene for medication containers or medical devices

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“Has this ever happened before?” helps to determine the:
A. chief complaint
B. history of present illness
C. medications
D. provocation of pain

B. history of present illness

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You should assess pulse, motor, and sensation in all of the extremities and check for pupillary reactions if you suspect a(n) _____ problem. A. cardiovascular B. endocrine C. neurologic D. psychological

C. neurologic

When palpating the chest and abdomen, you are attempting to identify areas of: A. bruising B. tenderness C. crepitus D. nausea

B. tenderness

Patients with altered mental status should be considered _____ when determining transport options. A. nonemergency B. low priority C. moderate priority D. high priority

D. high priority

A patient suffering from a heart attack should be transported to: A. a local clinic, 5 minutes away B. a community hospital with no catheterization lab, 10 minutes away C. a university hospital with a catheterization lab, 15 minutes away D. a trauma center, 20 minutes away

C. a university hospital with a catheterization lab, 15 minutes away

Which statement regarding HIV is FALSE? A. It is not easily transmitted in your work environment. B. It is not considered a hazard when deposited on mucous membranes. C. You should always wear gloves when treating a patient with HIV. D. Many patients with HIV do not show symptoms.

B. It is not considered a hazard when deposited on mucous membranes.

If you have been exposed to an HIV-positive patient's blood, you should: A. not worry about it because transmission rates are low B. immediately notify your infectious disease officer C. wait until your next doctor visit to seek evaluation D. wash the area thoroughly and get an updated tetanus shot

B. immediately notify your infectious disease officer

The incubation period for the Ebola virus is approximately: A. 1 to 3 days after exposure B. 2 to 6 days after exposure C. 6 to 12 days after exposure D. 2 to 4 weeks after exposure

C. 6 to 12 days after exposure

The incubation period for hepatitis B is typically: A. 1 to 2 weeks B. 5 to 10 weeks C. 4 to 12 weeks D. 1 to 10 weeks

C. 4 to 12 weeks

Vaccinations are NOT available for which form of hepatitis? A. Hepatitis A B. Hepatitis B C. Hepatitis C D. All forms of hepatitis

C. Hepatitis C

Which of the following statements about tuberculosis is FALSE? A. It is found in open, uncrowded living spaces. B. It can be found in crowded environments with poor ventilation. C. It is spread through the air via droplets. D. The primary infection is typically not serious.

A. It is found in open, uncrowded living spaces.

_____ is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to many antibiotics. A. Meningitis B. Tuberculosis C. Hepatitis C D. MRSA

D. MRSA

A(n) _____ is an outbreak that occurs on a global scale. A. epidemic B. pandemic C. endemic D. transdemic

B. pandemic

True/False You are obligated as a medical professional to refrain from labeling patients and displaying personal biases.

True

True/False In an unconscious adult patient, you should assess for a pulse in the carotid artery.

True

True/False An epidemic occurs when new cases of a disease in the human population exceed the number of expected cases.

True

True/False History taking may be the only way to determine what the problem is or what may be causing the problem.

True

True/False Conscious medical patients will always need a full-body scan.

False

True/False The use of lights and siren during transport should be limited to situations where a life-threatening injury is present and it would meaningfully accelerate transport time.

True

True/False Exposure to the virus that causes AIDS is a risk that EMTs face on a regular basis.

True

True/False EMTs can receive a vaccination against HIV to protect them from exposure.

False

True/False Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a virus most commonly found in bats and camels living in the Middle East.

True

True/False Hepatitis A can only be transmitted from a patient who has an acute infection.

True

True/False HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B.

False

True/False If you are exposed to a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis, you should be tested with a tuberculin skin test to see if you have been infected.

True

True/False MRSA is believed to be transmitted from patient to patient via the unwashed hands of health care providers.

True

True/False Whooping cough is an airborne disease caused by a virus.

False

True/False Meningococcal meningitis is highly contagious.

True

True/False All strains of influenza are transmitted through oral or fecal contamination.

False

True/False When examining the neck, you should assess for jugular vein distention and tracheal deviation.

True

True/False You should avoid asking family members for information regarding patient allergies and medication.

False

True/False Cardiac arrest patients are usually transported to the closest hospital with emergency facilities.

True

True/False Differentiating a high-priority transport from a low-priority transport is often a skill developed with experience.

True

True/False Herpes simplex is primarily an animal respiratory disease that has mutated to infect humans.

False

_____ _____ may be the result of sickle cell disease or various blood clotting disorders, such as hemophilia.

Hematologic emergencies

_____ _____ occurs when you become focused on one aspect of the patient’s condition and exclude all others.

Tunnel vision

As you approach a patient, you should determine the level of consciousness by using the _____ scale.

AVPU

You should assess vital signs every _____ minutes in an unstable patient and every _____ minutes in a stable patient.

5, 15

Permission to administer certain medication is usually obtained from _____ _____.

medical control

A(n) _____ should be used on a patient who is apneic and pulseless.

AED

_____-_____ patients include those with altered mental status, airway and breathing difficulties, or any sign of circulatory compromise.

High-priority

Modes of transportation ultimately come in two categories: _____ or _____.

ground, air

A(n) _____ _____ is a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body.

infectious disease

_____ refers to inflammation of the liver.

Hepatitis

_____ _____ is transmitted orally through oral or fecal contamination.

Hepatitis A

You should note any _____ _____ along the veins that indicate potential IV drug use when examining the extremities.

track marks

_____ is the strength or ability of a pathogen to produce disease.

Virulence

_____ is a chronic mycobacterial disease that usually strikes the lungs.

Tuberculosis

Patients with a fever, headache, stiff neck, and altered mental status may be suffering from _____.

meningitis

Short Answers List four examples of how you can contract HIV while taking care of patients in EMS.

1. The patient's blood is splashed or sprayed into your eyes, nose, or mouth or into an open sore or cut; even microscopic openings in the skin are a possible source. 2. You have blood from an infected patient on your hands and then touch your own eyes, nose, mouth, or an open sore or cut. 3. A needle used to inject the patient breaks your skin. 4. Broken glass at a motor vehicle collision or other incident may penetrate your glove (and skin), which may have already been covered with blood from an infected patient.

Short Answers What are the five major components of patient assessment for medical emergencies?

1. Scene size-up 2. Primary assessment 3. History taking 4. Secondary assessment 5. Reassessment

Short Answers List three conditions that are deemed serious and require rapid transport.

1. Unresponsive/altered mental status 2. Airway/breathing problems 3. Circulatory problems, such as severe bleeding or signs of shock

Short Answers List at least three important questions to ask a patient who potentially recently traveled.

1. Where did you recently travel? 2. Did you receive any vaccinations before your trip? 3. Were you exposed to any infectious diseases? 4. Is there anyone else in your travel party who is sick? 5. What types of food did you eat? 6. What was your source of drinking water?

Ambulance Calls You respond to a local apartment building in the downtown area for a 42‑year‑old man with respiratory distress. On arrival, you notice the patient sitting in a chair and he has pale, diaphoretic skin. The patient tells you that he has been sick for several days and is too sick to drive himself to the hospital. When taking a history, the patient tells you that he has had night sweats and has been coughing up blood. His only complaint is fever and slight shortness of breath. He has no other significant history. How would you best manage this patient?

It seems likely that this patient could be suffering from tuberculosis. You and your crew should apply protection immediately. You should place an N95 or HEPA mask on yourself and other crew members and a surgical mask on the patient. Although a surgical mask on the patient provides minimal protection, it provides a visual reminder to all who are involved in the patient’s care of the possibility of an airborne communicable disease. The surgical mask should still allow for the placement of a nasal cannula for oxygen. Proper notification to the receiving hospital should be made so that isolation precautions can be in place when the patient arrives. Although the risk of contracting the illness is minimal to you and the crew, everyone should alert their management and follow their exposure-control plan. All crew members potentially exposed should receive a tuberculosis skin test and follow up with a designated health care facility.

Ambulance Calls While driving back from a call, your unit is dispatched to a local recreation area for a 58‑year‑old woman with chest pain. On arrival, you notice a woman lying on the ground with several bystanders assisting her. The patient is alert and oriented and complains of chest pain. What history‑taking questions can you ask to help with your assessment of this patient?

You should begin by verifying the chief complaint of chest pain. Ask the patient what she was doing when the pain began and whether anything potentially caused it. Does anything make the pain better or worse? Inquire as to the quality of the pain. Ask the patient to describe the pain, and determine if the pain is constant or intermittent. Where in her chest is the pain? Have the patient point to the painful area and determine whether the pain is localized to that area or if it radiates to other areas. Ask the patient to rate her pain on a scale from 1 to 10. Explain to her that 0 means no pain and that 10 means the worst pain. This will give you a baseline for reassessment after you begin treatment. Inquire as to how long she’s had the pain. Is it just this incident, or has she had previous episodes?

Chapter 15 Workbook Flashcards

(78 cards)