Chapter 2 Workbook Flashcards by Tom Bowl

Examples include gloves, gowns, and face shields

PPE

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The process of alarm, reaction, and recovery

General adaptation syndrome

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The regulatory compliance agency that develops and publishes guidelines that reduce hazards in the workplace

OSHA

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An illness that can be spread from one person to another

Communicable disease

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A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

Pathogen

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May develop after experiencing a psychologically distressing event

Posttraumatic stress disorder

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Encompasses reporting, documentation, and treatment

Postexposure management

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A resource detailing common hazards and proper responses

Emergency Response Guidebook

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The spread of infection through an inanimate object

Indirect contact

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Contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles

Exposure

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Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel

Infection control

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Includes an unwelcome sexual advance or advances

Sexual harassment

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The presence of infectious organisms in or on objects or a patient’s body

Contamination

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The use of objects to limit a person’s visibility of you

Concealment

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The way in which an infectious agent is spread

Transmission

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If you are in the first unit to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle collision, you should:
A. immediately extricate patients from vehicles
B. disregard downed power lines
C. place cones or other warning devices on the roadway to warn oncoming traffic
D. park off of the roadway to leave room for the fire engine

C. place cones or other warning devices on the roadway to warn oncoming traffic

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The stage of the grieving process where an attempt is made to secure a prize for good behavior or promise to change one’s lifestyle is known as:
A. denial
B. acceptance
C. bargaining
D. depression

C. bargaining

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The stage of the grieving process that involves a refusal to accept diagnosis or care is known as:
A. denial
B. acceptance
C. bargaining
D. depression

A. denial

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When tools are being used during extrication, you should:
A. protect your eyes from ultraviolet light
B. wear eyeglasses with side shields
C. consider wearing body armor for added protection
D. wear a face shield or goggles

D. wear a face shield or goggles

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Which of the following is a fatigue management recommendation made by the US Department of Transportation?
A. Napping should be discouraged while at work.
B. Shifts should not exceed 24 hours in duration.
C. The consumption of caffeine at work should be banned.
D. EMS providers should get a minimum of 11 hours of sleep per night.

B. Shifts should not exceed 24 hours in duration.

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When providing support for a grieving person, it is okay to say:
A. “I’m sorry.”
B. “Give it time.”
C. “I know how you feel.”
D. “You have to keep on going.”

A. “I’m sorry.”

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What is the first thing you should do if exposed to a patient’s blood or bodily fluids?
A. Activate your department’s infection control plan.
B. Turn over patient care to another EMS provider.
C. Wash the exposed area with soap and water.
D. Seek immediate medical attention.

B. Turn over patient care to another EMS provider.

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__________ is a sign of compassion fatigue.
A. Choosing to work extra shifts
B. Excessive positivity while at work
C. Aggression toward patients
D. Increased empathy for patients

C. Aggression toward patients

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Examples of events likely to cause eustress include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. receiving a promotion
B. divorce or separation from a partner
C. beginning an exercise regimen
D. the birth of a child

B. divorce or separation from a partner

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What should you do if you suspect that your patient has tuberculosis? A. Place a surgical mask on yourself and the patient. B. Place a particulate air respirator on the patient and a surgical mask on yourself. C. Place a particulate air respirator on the patient. D. Place a particulate air respirator on yourself and a surgical mask on the patient.

D. Place a particulate air respirator on yourself and a surgical mask on the patient.

Drug and alcohol use in the workplace causes: A. decreased stress for coworkers B. increased accidents C. increased decision-making ability D. increased physical ability

B. increased accidents

Regardless of how stressful the situation is, you must focus on several factors. Which of the following factors is your top priority? A. Personal safety B. Patient care C. Scene safety D. Safety of bystanders

A. Personal safety

When acknowledging the death of a child, reactions vary, but __________ is common. A. happiness B. disbelief C. apprehension D. psychosis

B. disbelief

Which of the following is NOT a way that an infectious disease is transmitted? A. Vector-borne B. Airborne C. Cyberborne D. Foodborne

C. Cyberborne

Which item of PPE should be the last to be removed? A. Gloves B. Masks C. Gowns D. Eye shields

B. Masks

Which of the following is NOT considered a common hazard in a fire? A. Smoke B. Building collapse C. Toxic gases D. Bystanders

D. Bystanders

__________ __________ occur(s) when insignificant stressors accumulate into a larger, stress-related problem. A. Negative stress B. Cumulative stress C. Psychological stress D. Severe stressors

B. Cumulative stress

Events that can trigger critical incident stress include: A. mass-casualty incidents B. serious damage to your personal vehicle while off-duty C. death or serious injury of a patient’s friend D. loss of equipment at the scene

A. mass-casualty incidents

Consumption of __________ __________ may result in lower overall energy levels. A. simple sugars B. complex carbohydrates C. polyunsaturated fats D. lean meats

A. simple sugars

The safest, most reliable sources for long-term energy production are: A. sugars B. carbohydrates C. fats D. proteins

B. carbohydrates

A CISM meeting is an opportunity to discuss: A. feelings about the incident B. the operational critique C. who is to blame for the errors D. opportunities for improvement

A. feelings about the incident

Which of the following is NOT included on the CDC list of recommended immunizations for health care workers? A. Meningitis vaccine B. Hepatitis B vaccine C. Influenza vaccine D. Varicella vaccine

A. Meningitis vaccine

Hazardous materials in vehicles and buildings should be clearly identified using: A. manifests B. MSDS sheets C. placards D. beacons

C. placards

Which of the following is true regarding cultural diversity on the job? A. Coworkers should never discuss race, religion, or politics. B. The broad range of life experiences brought by coworkers can increase the strength of the team. C. Teams are stronger when coworkers of similar cultural beliefs work exclusively with each other. D. Patients should only be treated by EMS personnel of the same race and gender when possible.

B. The broad range of life experiences brought by coworkers can increase the strength of the team.

True/False Recapping the needle from a syringe is the best way to dispose of it safely.

False

True/False Gloves, eye protection, and masks are the main components of PPE.

True

True/False Denial is usually the first step in the grieving process.

True

True/False Bodily fluids are generally not considered infectious substances.

False

True/False Most EMTs never suffer from stress.

False

True/False Physical conditioning and nutrition are two factors that the EMT can control in helping to reduce stress.

True

True/False The likelihood of you becoming infected during routine patient care is high.

False

True/False Construction-type helmets are not well suited for rescue situations.

True

True/False The religious customs and needs of the patient must be respected.

True

True/False Diversity is an ineffective way to strengthen a public safety workforce.

False

__________ is a specific type of stress that produces negative responses.

Distress

__________ __________ involves the contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease.

Foodborne transmission

A(n) __________ __________ is a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.

infectious disease

Your safety is the most important consideration at a(n) ________ materials incident.

hazardous

Proper ________ is the simplest, yet most effective, way to control disease transmission.

handwashing

________ involves the tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection.

Cover

The ________ of a human being is one of the most ________ events for another human being to accept.

death, difficult

The term ________ ________ refers to the tactics that have been shown to alleviate or eliminate stress reactions.

stress management

Good, productive ________ is as important as eating well and exercise in the maintenance of good health.

sleep

________ ________ is important in case blood splatters toward your eyes.

Eye protection

A 12-year-old boy told his grandmother that he was going to collect the day’s mail, located on the opposite side of the street, for her. As he was returning with the mail, he was struck by a vehicle and was found lying lifeless in the middle of the street. Which of the following would be appropriate to say to the grandmother? A. “Don’t worry. I’m sure he’ll be fine.” B. “What were you thinking? You will be reported!” C. “We’re placing him on a backboard to protect his back, and we’ll take him to the Columbus Community Hospital. Do you know who his doctor is?” D. It’s best not to spend time talking to the grandmother.

C. “We’re placing him on a backboard to protect his back, and we’ll take him to the Columbus Community Hospital. Do you know who his doctor is?”

A 12-year-old boy told his grandmother that he was going to collect the day’s mail, located on the opposite side of the street, for her. As he was returning with the mail, he was struck by a vehicle and was found lying lifeless in the middle of the street. As an EMT, you know that these types of calls are coming. All of the following are ways to meet such stressful situations EXCEPT: A. eat a balanced diet B. go for walks or other forms of exercise C. cut down on caffeine and sugars D. increase overtime hours

D. increase overtime hours

A 12-year-old boy told his grandmother that he was going to collect the day’s mail, located on the opposite side of the street, for her. As he was returning with the mail, he was struck by a vehicle and was found lying lifeless in the middle of the street. You or your partner may develop ________ after experiencing this call. A. critical incident stress management B. posttraumatic stress disorder C. critical stress debriefing D. an acute stress reaction

B. posttraumatic stress disorder

A 12-year-old boy told his grandmother that he was going to collect the day’s mail, located on the opposite side of the street, for her. As he was returning with the mail, he was struck by a vehicle and was found lying lifeless in the middle of the street. What is NOT a sign of cumulative stress that you or your partner might exhibit after a stressful event has occurred? A. Irritability toward coworkers, family, and friends B. Loss of interest in work C. Guilt D. Feelings of relief

D. Feelings of relief

A 12-year-old boy told his grandmother that he was going to collect the day’s mail, located on the opposite side of the street, for her. As he was returning with the mail, he was struck by a vehicle and was found lying lifeless in the middle of the street. When should you begin protecting yourself with standard precautions on this call? A. As soon as you are dispatched B. As soon as you arrive C. After you assess the victim and know what you need D. After speaking with the grandmother

A. As soon as you are dispatched

Short Answers Describe the basic concept of standard precautions.

Standard precautions are protective measures based on the assumption that every person is potentially infected or can spread an organism that could be transmitted in the health care setting. Therefore, you must apply infection control procedures to reduce infection in patients and health care personnel.

Short Answers List the five stages of the grieving process.

1. Denial 2. Anger/hostility 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance

Short Answers List five warning signs of cumulative stress.

* Irritability toward coworkers, family, and friends * Inability to concentrate * Difficulty sleeping, increased sleeping, or nightmares * Feelings of sadness, anxiety, or guilt * Loss of appetite (gastrointestinal disturbances) * Loss of interest in sexual activities * Isolation * Loss of interest in work * Increased use of alcohol * Recreational drug use * Physical symptoms such as chronic pain (e.g., headache, backache) * Feelings of hopelessness

Short Answers List five strategies for managing stress.

* Minimize or eliminate stressors. * Change partners to avoid a negative or hostile personality. * Change work hours. * Change the work environment. * Cut back on overtime. * Change your attitude about the stressor. * Talk about your feelings with people you trust. * Seek professional counseling if needed. * Do not obsess over frustrating situations; focus on delivering high-quality care. * Try to adopt a more relaxed, philosophical outlook. * Expand your social support system outside of your coworkers. * Sustain friends and interests outside emergency services. * Minimize the physical response to stress by employing various techniques.

Short Answers List the CDC-recommended immunizations for health care workers.

1. Hepatitis B 2. Influenza (yearly) 3. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) 4. Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, or having had chickenpox 5. Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap) (every 10 years)

Short Answers List the three layers of clothing recommended for cold weather.

1. Thin inner layer 2. Thermal middle layer 3. Outer layer

Short Answers List three physiological manifestations of positive and/or negative forms of stress.

1. Increased respiration and heart rate 2. Increased blood pressure 3. Constricted blood vessels near the skin surface (cool, clammy skin) 4. Dilated pupils 5. Tensed muscles 6. Increased blood glucose levels 7. Perspiration 8. Decreased blood flow to the gastrointestinal trac

Short Answers What are five of the common hazards associated with a fire scene?

* Smoke * Oxygen deficiency * High ambient temperature * Toxic gases * Building collapse * Equipment * Explosions

Ambulance Calls In the process of working a motor vehicle collision, your arm is gashed open, and you are exposed to the blood of a patient who tells you that he is HIV positive. You have no water supply with which to wash. Your patient is stable, and you are able to control his bleeding with direct pressure. How would you best manage this situation?

Continue to treat the patient appropriately and transport. Allow the cut to bleed, so long as the bleeding is minimal. This will help to wash/clean it out. Clean the wound with an alcohol gel, if available. Once patient care has been transferred to the receiving facility, immediately wash thoroughly with soap and water and report to your supervisor. Follow up with prompt medical attention.

Ambulance Calls You are dispatched to a large apartment complex for a person in respiratory distress. You find the elderly patient living in a dark, messy apartment with many family members, both adults and children, and you know that numerous cases of tuberculosis have been reported in this particular complex. With regard to infection control, how would you best manage this situation?

As always, you should wear exam gloves and consider using eye protection. Because this call is for a respiratory issue and the possibility of tuberculosis is high, you should also don a particulate air respirator and place a surgical mask on the patient. Because the patient is complaining of respiratory distress, a nonrebreathing mask attached to oxygen will suffice as well. It is also very important that you pass the information about potential infection to the receiving facility staff in your patient report while en route and again when you hand off care to the emergency department.

Chapter 2 Workbook Flashcards

(74 cards)