Chapter 25 Workbook Flashcards by Tom Bowl

Speed causes a bullet to generate pressure waves, which cause damage distant from the bullet’s path.

Cavitation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A significant MOI that causes injuries to more than one body system.

Multisystem trauma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The energy of a moving object.

Kinetic energy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How trauma occurs.

Mechanism of injury (MOI)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The product of mass, gravity, and height.

Potential energy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The result of force to the body that causes injury but does not penetrate soft tissue or internal organs and cavities.

Blunt trauma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An injury caused by objects that pierce the surface of the body.

Penetrating trauma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The force acting over a distance.

Work

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Your awareness of and concern for potentially serious obvious and underlying injuries is referred to as the:
A. mechanism of injury
B. index of suspicion
C. scene size-up
D. general impression

B. index of suspicion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The energy of a moving object is called:
A. potential energy
B. thermal energy
C. kinetic energy
D. work

C. kinetic energy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Energy can be:
A. created
B. destroyed
C. converted
D. lost

C. converted

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The amount of kinetic energy that is converted to do work on the body dictates the _______ of the injury.
A. location
B. severity
C. cause
D. speed

B. severity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

All of the following are considered types of motorcycle impacts EXCEPT:
A. head-on collision
B. angular collision
C. controlled collision
D. rear collision

C. controlled collision

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is considered a type of impact from a motor vehicle collision?
A. ejection
B. rollover
C. crush
D. penetration

A. ejection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The three collisions in a frontal impact include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. car striking object
B. passenger striking vehicle
C. airbag striking passenger
D. internal organs striking solid structures of the body

C. airbag striking passenger

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is NOT considered appropriate use of air medical services?
A. The distance to a trauma center is greater than 25 miles.
B. Traffic/road conditions make it unlikely to get the patient to the hospital in a timely manner.
C. There is a mass-casualty incident.
D. The closest trauma center is 10 minutes away by ground transport.

D. The closest trauma center is 10 minutes away by ground transport.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Medium-velocity penetrating injuries may be caused by a:
A. knife
B. military assault rifle
C. handgun
D. slingshot

C. handgun

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In a motor vehicle collision, as the passenger’s head hits the windshield, the brain continues to move forward until it strikes the inside of the skull, resulting in a _______ injury.
A. compression
B. laceration
C. lateral
D. motion

A. compression

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Your quick primary assessment of the patient and evaluation of the _______ can help to direct life-saving care and provide critical information to the hospital staff.
A. environment
B. index of suspicion
C. mechanism of injury
D. abdominal area

C. mechanism of injury

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A contusion to a patient’s forehead along with a spider-webbed windshield suggests possible injury to the:
A. nose
B. brain
C. face
D. heart

B. brain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is the most common cause of death from a blast injury?
A. Amputation
B. Burns
C. Chest trauma
D. Head trauma

D. Head trauma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Significant clues to the possibility of severe injuries in motor vehicle collisions include:
A. death of an occupant
B. a blown-out tire
C. broken glass
D. a deployed airbag

A. death of an occupant

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Damage to the body that resulted from a pressure wave generated by an explosion is found in what type of blast injury?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Miscellaneous

A. Primary

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Airbags decrease injury to all of the following EXCEPT:
A. chest
B. heart
C. face
D. head

B. heart

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Optimally, the on-scene time for critically injured patients should be less than ________ minutes. A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

B. 10

________ impacts are commonly referred to as T-bone crashes. A. Frontal B. Lateral C. Rear-end D. Rollover

B. Lateral

The most common life-threatening event in a rollover is ________ or partial ejection of the passenger from the vehicle. A. vehicle intrusion B. centrifugal force C. ejection D. spinal cord injury

C. ejection

A fall from more than ________ is considered to be significant. A. 10 feet B. 20 feet C. 30 feet D. 40 feet

B. 20 feet

A young boy was riding his bicycle down the street when he hit a parked car. How many collisions took place? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four

C. Three

A young boy was riding his bicycle down the street when he hit a parked car. What was the first collision? A. The bike hitting the car B. The bike rider hitting his bike or the car C. The bike rider’s internal organs against the solid structures of the body D. The bike rider striking the pavement

A. The bike hitting the car

A young boy was riding his bicycle down the street when he hit a parked car. What was the second collision? A. The bike hitting the car B. The bike rider hitting his bike or the car C. The bike rider’s internal organs against the solid structures of the body D. The bike rider striking the pavement

B. The bike rider hitting his bike or the car

A young boy was riding his bicycle down the street when he hit a parked car. What will raise your index of suspicion for this collision? A. The mechanism of injury B. The type of bike C. How loudly he’s crying D. A quick visual assessment

A. The mechanism of injury

“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction” is: A. Newton’s first law B. Newton’s second law C. Newton’s third law D. a false statement

C. Newton’s third law

“A comprehensive regional resource capable of providing every aspect of trauma care, from prevention through rehabilitation” is the definition of a ______ trauma center. A. Level I B. Level II C. Level III D. Level IV

A. Level I

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of impact associated with a motorcycle crash? A. Head-on B. Rotational C. Controlled D. Ejection

B. Rotational

Burns from hot gases and respiratory injuries from inhaling toxic gas are associated with which type of blast injury? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Quaternary

D. Quaternary

A patient complaining of chest tightness, coughing up blood, and subcutaneous emphysema following an explosion may be suffering from a: A. myocardial blast injury B. ruptured tympanic membrane C. ruptured peritoneal cavity D. pulmonary blast injury

D. pulmonary blast injury

Patients suffering from an open wound to the neck may experience all of the following EXCEPT: A. significant bleeding B. air embolism C. tension pneumothorax D. subcutaneous crepitation

C. tension pneumothorax

True/False Work is defined as force acting over distance.

True

True/False Energy can be both created and destroyed.

False

True/False The energy of a moving object is called potential energy.

False

True/False Rear-end collisions often cause whiplash injuries.

True

True/False Penetration or perforation to the chest wall is called an open chest wound.

True

True/False The injury potential of a fall is related to the height from which the patient fell.

True

True/False In the United States, traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death for people younger than 44 years.

True

True/False Rapid transport of an unstable trauma patient takes priority over assessing and managing the ABCs.

False

True/False Injuries to the aorta are relatively common in lateral impacts from a motor vehicle collision.

True

True/False Headrests are the major cause of whiplash-type injuries in rear-impact collisions.

False

True/False In car-versus-pedestrian collisions, the speed of the vehicle should be the first step in determining the mechanism of injury.

True

True/False Helmets are reliable in protecting against cervical spine injuries.

False

True/False Tertiary blast injuries result from flying debris, such as glass or shrapnel, striking the patient.

False

True/False You should perform frequent neurologic assessments in patients with a presumed head injury.

True

True/False All patients with chest trauma, regardless of the injury, should be reassessed every 5 minutes.

True

Energy that is available to cause injury ________ when an object’s weight doubles but ________ when its speed doubles.

doubles, quadruples

________ ________ causes injury by objects that pierce the surface of the body and cause damage to soft tissues, internal organs, and body cavities.

Penetrating trauma

A compression injury to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching of the posterior portion is called a(n) ________-________ brain injury.

coup-contrecoup

The formula for calculating kinetic energy is ________.

KE = 1/2 m x V^2

Whiplash-type injuries are typically caused by ________-________ impacts.

rear-end

Airbags provide the final capture point of the passengers and decrease the severity of ________ injuries.

deceleration

________ trauma is a term that describes a person who has been subjected to multiple traumatic injuries involving more than one body system.

Multisystem

A T-bone collision typically refers to a(n) ________ impact.

lateral

The most common life-threatening event in a rollover collision is ________.

ejection

The liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys are all considered __________ organs in the abdomen.

solid

The __________ __________ Scale uses eye opening, verbal response, and motor response to rate a patient’s level of consciousness.

Glasgow Coma

Air collecting between the lung tissue and the chest wall is commonly referred to as a(n) __________.

pneumothorax

__________ __________ describes the limited on-scene time for patients with multisystem trauma.

Platinum 10

__________ __________ ________ states that an object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion, unless acted on by some force.

Newton's first law

A(n) __________ emergency occurs when the patient has an illness or condition that is not caused by an outside force.

medical

Short Answers Describe potential energy.

Potential energy is the product of mass (weight), force of gravity, and height and is mostly associated with the energy of falling objects.

Short Answers List the series of collisions typical with motor vehicles.

1. Collision of the car against another car or other object 2. Collision of the passenger against the interior of the car 3. Collision of the passenger’s internal organs against the solid structures of the body

Short Answers List the three factors to consider when evaluating a fall.

1. The height of the fall 2. The surface struck 3. The part of the body that hit first, followed by the path of energy displacement

Short Answers Describe the phenomenon of cavitation as it relates to an injury from a bullet.

A bullet, because of its speed, creates pressure waves that emanate from its path, causing distant damage.

Short Answers Why is it important to try to determine the type of gun and ammunition used when you are caring for a gunshot victim?

The size (mass) and speed (velocity) of the projectile affect the potential damage. If the mass is doubled, the potential energy is doubled. If the velocity is doubled, the potential energy is quadrupled.

Short Answers What type of injuries can you expect from a motor vehicle collision with a lateral impact and substantial intrusion?

Lateral chest and abdominal/internal organ injuries on the side of impact; fractures of the lower extremities, pelvis, and ribs; and injuries to the aorta.

Short Answers List the information you should gather when determining the MOI of a motorcycle crash.

The deformity of the motorcycle, the side of most damage, the distance of skid in the road, the deformity of stationary objects or other vehicles, and the extent and location of deformity in the helmet.

Short Answers What is the definition of a Level I trauma center?

A comprehensive regional resource that is a tertiary care facility; capable of providing total care for every aspect of injury, from prevention through rehabilitation.

Ambulance Calls You are dispatched to a one-car crash. As you arrive, you notice that the car hit a large deer, which is lying in the road, dead. Highway speed limits on this road are 65 mph (105 kph). The driver was restrained with a lap belt only, and his vehicle was not equipped with airbags. He is complaining of head and neck pain and tells you that he doesn’t remember what happened. How would you best manage this patient?

Given the highway speeds and lack of a shoulder belt and airbag, along with his complaints of head and neck pain, your index of suspicion for head and spinal injuries is very high. It is a positive sign that he is awake and able to communicate; however, this should not encourage you to spend any more time on scene than is necessary to extricate this patient and place him in full spinal precautions. His condition could change at any time, and his inability to remember the details of the event likely indicate the presence of a closed head injury. Provide high-flow oxygen (if appropriate) and prompt transport.

Ambulance Calls You are dispatched to assist a man who fell from a ladder as he was repairing shingles on the roof of his two-story home. You arrive to find an unconscious middle-aged man lying on the ground. He is breathing and has a pulse. The call to 9-1-1 was placed after the man was found by a neighbor. How would you best manage this patient?

Each story is 10 feet (3 m), so this patient fell approximately 20 feet (6 m) from the ladder to the hard ground. He is now unconscious. Assume he has significant head and spinal injuries; determine if he is responsive and manage his airway because he will be unable to protect it. Provide high-flow oxygen and prompt transport to the nearest appropriate facility, taking care not to waste time in determining other injuries.

Ambulance Calls You are called to the residence of a 19-year-old man who was stabbed in the abdomen with an ice pick. The scene is safe, and the patient is lying on the floor with the ice pick impaled in his left lower quadrant. Bystanders tell you that he did not fall. He is alert and complaining of severe pain. How would you best manage this patient?

Apply high-flow oxygen. Stabilize the object in place with bulky dressings. Monitor his vital signs. Transport the patient in a supine position. Provide rapid transport due to abdominal penetration.

Ambulance Calls You are called to the scene of a pedestrian struck by a motor vehicle in a residential neighborhood. As you approach the scene, you notice a vehicle pulled off to the side with damage to its bumper and hood and what appears to be a person lying unresponsive in the roadway. What factors do you need to consider when determining the mechanism of injury?

Estimate the speed of the vehicle that struck the patient. Determine whether the patient was thrown through the air and at what distance. Determine if the patient was struck and pulled under the vehicle. Evaluate the vehicle for structural damage that might indicate contact points with the patient and alert you to potential injuries.

Chapter 25 Workbook Flashcards

(80 cards)