Chapter 40

Question 1

Medical Term:Cardi/o

Answer 1

Heart

Question 2

Medical Term:Atri/o

Answer 2

Atrium

Question 3

Medical Term:*Coron/o

Answer 3

Crown, Heart

Question 4

Medical Term:*Ventricul/o

Answer 4

Ventricle

Question 5

Medical Term:*Valvul/o

Answer 5

Valve

Question 6

Medical Term:*Aort/o

Answer 6

Aorta

Question 7

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Answer 7

Two atrial chambers and two ventricular chambers.

Question 8

What do the atrial chambers do?

Answer 8

Receives blood from the body and pumps blood into the ventricles

Question 9

What do the Ventricular chambers do?

Answer 9

Receives blood from the atria and pumps blood out to the body.

Question 10

What part of the heart divides the right and left sides of the heart?

Answer 10

Septum

Question 11

What are the 3 layers of the hearts wall?

Answer 11

Endocardium, Myocardium, Epicardium

Question 12

Define Endocardium
Hint: (Endo: inside, Cardi: heart)

Answer 12

Inner layer that lines the chambers and valves

Question 13

Define Myocardium
Hint: Myo-Muscle, Cardi- Heart

Answer 13

Middle and thickest layer, composed of cardiac muscle

Question 14

Define Epicardium
Hint: Epi-on top of, Cardi-heart

Answer 14

(Visceral Pericardium)- Outer layer of the heart
-A space seperates the epicardium from the parietal pericardium which loosely covers the heart like a sack.
-The two layers are serous membranes that rub against each other when the heart beats the moisture reduces the amount of friction.

Question 15

Where is the Tricuspid valve found?

Answer 15

Between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Question 16

Where is the pulmonary (Pulmon/o-Lung) valve found?

Answer 16

Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

Question 17

Where is the Bicuspid or “Mitral” valve found?

Answer 17

Between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Question 18

Where is the Aortic Valve found?

Answer 18

Between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Question 19

Examples of Cardiac disorders signs and symptoms

Answer 19

Angina (chest pain), cyanosis, Pallor, SOB, Diaphoresis, Edema, Syncope, Bradycardia, Tachycardia

Question 20

Bradycardia

Answer 20

Heartbeat less than <60bpm

Question 21

Tachycardia

Answer 21

Heartbeat more than >100bpm

Question 22

Atherosclerosis related diseases

Answer 22

Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) coronary heart disease (CHD) Coronary Microvascular Disease (CMD) Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Chronic Kidney Disease CKD

Question 23

Cardia Diseases and disorders

Answer 23

Cardiomyopathy

Question 24

Define:Cardiomyopathy

Answer 24

Heart muscle can become thin/ weakened (Dilated), Enlarged/thick (Hypertrophic), Or rigid (Restrictive)

Question 25

What are some components of the Cardiovascular system?

Answer 25

Blood, Vessels, Heart

Question 26

What is the function of the Cardiovascular System?

Answer 26

Brings oxygen to the cells and carries carbon dioxide away from the cells, brings nutrients water and other substances like salt and water to the cells, carries waste products like metabolic waste away from cells to be be excreted.

Question 27

Where do pulmonary veins bring oxygenated blood back to?

Answer 27

The left atrium

Question 28

In unborn babies what structure shifts most of the blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava bypassing the immature liver?

Answer 28

Ductus Venosus

Question 29

what conduction system structure is considered the pacemaker of the heart?

Answer 29

The sinoatrial node

Question 30

What factor influences blood pressure?

Answer 30

Blood volume, ventricular contraction strength, resistance to blood flow

Question 31

What treatment procedure is used to destroy abnormal tissue that causes arrhythmias?

Answer 31

Cardiac ablation

Question 32

What CLIA- waived test is used for anticoagulation therapy and heart disease?

Answer 32

Prothrombin test

Question 33

What factors increase blood pressure?

Answer 33

Narrowed arterial lumen, loss of vessel elasticity due to aging and plaque, and increased blood viscosity

Question 34

What is the correct order for blood vessels when tracing the blood leaving the heart to the blood returning to the heart?

Answer 34

Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.

Question 35

What is a liquid that is able to dissolve other substances?

Answer 35

Solvent

Question 36

Define stem cells

Answer 36

Undifferentiated cells that can become specialized cells in the body

Question 37

Define automaticity

Answer 37

The cells create and discharge the electrical impulses

Question 38

What is it called when cells respond to the electrical impulses?

Answer 38

Excitability

Question 39

Define conductivity

Answer 39

The cells transmit electrical impulses to other cells

Question 40

What is complete heartbeat

Answer 40

Cardiac cycle

Question 41

what is another name for the cardiovascular system

Answer 41

Circulatory system

Question 42

What structure encloses the heart and has a double membrane

Answer 42

Pericardium

Question 43

What chamber receives the blood from the body

Answer 43

Upper atrium

Question 44

What is it diagnosed as when a portion of the heart muscle dies?

Answer 44

MI (myocardial infarction)

Question 45

Which medication classification is used to prevent blood clots from forming?

Answer 45

Anticoagulants

Question 46

What medication classifications treats patients receiving chemotherapy

Answer 46

Hematopoetic

Question 47

What varicose vein procedure involves the injection of a substance that closes the vein

Answer 47

Sclerotherapy

Question 48

What diagnosis refers to the bulging of an arterial wall that causes a cardiovascular problem?

Answer 48

Aneurysm

Question 49

What is the medical term for a procedure to widen narrow blood vessels

Answer 49

Angioplasty