Ectoparasites

Question 1

Fipronil

Answer 1

Flea and tick infestations. Blocks GABA + Glutamate Cl- Channels. Lipophilic

Question 2

Adverse Effects of Fipronil

Answer 2

Safe in most animals. Do not use in young rabbits

Question 3

Isoxazolines

Answer 3

Insecticidal and acaricidal. (fleas) Lipophilic. Inhibits GABA and Gluatamate Cl- channels. Wide Vd

Question 4

Adverse effects of Isoxazolines

Answer 4

Neurological= Seizures, ataxia, shaking

Question 5

Neonicotinoids

Answer 5

competitively bind to nACh receptor-> Hyperpolarization. For Fleas resistant to Fipronil

Question 6

Side effects of Neonicotinoids

Answer 6

Tremors and hepatic failure. Do not use in dogs and cats younger than 4 months

Question 7

Insect Development Inhibitors

Answer 7

Lufenuron + Diflubenzuron.

Question 8

IDI’s MOA

Answer 8

Treats Fleas. Larvicidal (chitin synthesis inhibitors). Large Vd and metabolised in liver

Question 9

Insect Growth Regulators Drugs

Answer 9

S-Methoprene + pyriproxifen

Question 10

IGR’s OA

Answer 10

Treats Fleas on dogs and cats Interferes with Hormonal regulation of larvae.

Question 11

Synergist drugs

Answer 11

Piperonyl butoxide

Question 12

Synergist MOA

Answer 12

inhibit oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes responsible for insecticide breakdown

Question 13

Repellents

Answer 13

DEET and pyrethoids. Inhibits ACh E

Question 14

Macrocyclic Lactones Drugs

Answer 14

Avermectins and Milbemycins

Question 15

Macrocylic Lactone Targets

Answer 15

Endoparasites and Ectoparasites (mites, oestrid larvae, sucking and biting lice, ticks, sheep keds, + adult bot and horn flies)

Question 16

Macrocyclic Lactone MOA

Answer 16

Hyperpolarization of gluatmate gated cl- channels

Question 17

Macrocyclic Lactone Adverse Reactions

Answer 17

Wide margin of safety

Question 18

Organophosphates and carbamates

Answer 18

Broad spectrum ectoparasiticide.

Question 19

Organophosphates

Answer 19

Irreversible inhibition of Ach E

Question 20

Carbamates

Answer 20

Reversible inhibition of Ach E

Question 21

Organophosphates and carbamates Adverse Effects

Answer 21

Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Digestion, Defication, Bronchoconstriction + Bradycardia.

Question 22

Amitraz

Answer 22

Ticks, lice and Mites.

Question 23

Pyrethroids

Answer 23

Often combined with other drugs. Rapidly metabolized and eliminated. No withdrawal times for milk and meat

Question 24

Pyrethroids MOA

Answer 24

Na+ channel in nerves causing depolarization

Question 25

Pyrethroids Adverse Effects

Answer 25

Generally safe in all species. Toxic to cats and should not be given to lactating bitches