Integumentary system patho

Question 1

First Degree Burns

Answer 1

*Also known as superficial burns
*Involves only the outer layers of the epidermis
*Present as pink, dry and painful
*The skin is still able to maintain its ability to function as a water vapor and bacterial barrier.
*Usually heals in 3-10 days

Question 2

Second Degree Burns

Answer 2

• Also known as partial thickness burns
• Involve the epidermis and various degrees of the dermis
• Present as painful, moist, red and blistered
• Underneath the blisters is pink, red skin sensitive to temperature changes, air exposure and touch.
• Heal in approx. 1-2 weeks

Question 3

Third Degree Burns

Answer 3

• Also known as full thickness burns
• Can extend into the subcutaneous tissue and may involve muscle or bone
• Presentation may vary in color to waxy white or yellow to tan, brown, deep red and
  black
• Burns appear hard, dry and leathery
• nerve sensors have been destroyed in 3rd degree burns so no pain but still surrounded by 2nd degree
• Healing time varies and can take weeks/months

Question 4

Avulsions

Answer 4

*A flap of skin torn loose (partially or completely)
* May be accompanied by profuse bleeding
* Principal danger is loss of blood supply to the avulsed flap.
* Irrigate with normal saline and place into anatomic position.

Question 5

Allergy/Uticaria

Answer 5

• Is a response to allergic reaction or anaphylaxis
• Multiple small raised areas on the skin (also called hives)

Question 6

Cellulitis

Answer 6

*Deeper bacterial infection affecting the dermis and subcutaneous tissues.
*Usually caused by group A strep,
*Often accompanied by fever, erythema, heat, edema, and pain.

Question 8

Impetigo

Answer 8

• Common, superficial bacterial infection caused by group A strep
• Most common in infants and young children, rare in adults
  Highly infectious and presents as itchy/painful lesion that ooze “honey” coloured crust

Question 9

ABCD rules for melanoma

Answer 9

• A.Asymmetry
• B.Border
• C.Color varies within lesion
• D.Diameter > 6 mm

Question 10

Erythema:

Answer 10

redness due to increased blood supply due to exercise, fever, hemorrhage under skin, inflammation

Question 11

Pallor

Answer 11

paleness, blanching, due to
decreased blood supply or
hemoglobin (e.g. anemia)

Question 12

Jaundice

Answer 12

yellowish tones to skin and eyes due to increased bilirubin in the blood due to liver disease, obstructed bile duct i.e. bile not being removed from the body