Resp. Patho

Question 1

Acute Respiratory
Disease Syndrome

Answer 1

Respiratory failure characterized by acute lung
inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary injury

Question 2

Aspiration

Answer 2

Most commonly happens when something you eat
enters your airway or lungs.
Airway is not completely blocked

Question 3

Obstructive
Pulmonary Diseases

Answer 3

characterized by difficult expiration, either more force is required or
emptying of lungs is slowed.

Question 4

COPD

Answer 4

Chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Question 5

Bronchitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the bronchi caused by irritants or infection.
Chronic bronchitis is defined as hypersecretion of mucus and chronic productive cough

Question 6

Emphysema

Answer 6

Abnormal permanent enlargement of gas airways.
Destruction of alveolar walls and loss of lung elasticity

Question 7

Asthma

Answer 7

Severe but reversible bronchial obstruction.
Caused by swelling,secretions and spasm

Question 8

Status Asthmaticus

Answer 8

Bronchospasms not relieved by usual measures
Air trapping is severe & pneumothorax common

Question 9

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 9

Fatal genetic disorder of the secretory glands
Creates thick/concentrated secretions
Affects mainly children

Question 10

Pneumonia

Answer 10

Infection of the lung caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoan or parasites

Question 11

Pleural Effusion

Answer 11

Fluid in the pleural space between visceral and parietal pleura
Source can be blood (hemothorax) or fluid.

Question 12

Pulmonary Edema

Answer 12

Condition in which capillary fluid moves into the alveoli. movement of air through the alveolar fluid produces
fine crepitant sounds called crackles.

Question 13

Pulmonary Embolism

Answer 13

Develops when a blood-borne substance lodges in a branch of the pulmonary artery and obstructs blood
flow

Question 14

Diaphragmatic
Injuries

Answer 14

Diaphragmatic Rupture occurs when the intra-
abdominal pressure suddenly rises above the
tensile strength of the diaphragmatic tissue.

Question 15

Flail Chest

Answer 15

Three or more adjacent ribs fractured in two or more places
Moves with paradoxical motion

Question 16

Pulmonary Contusion

Answer 16

Bruise to the lung tissue in the absence of laceration to lung tissue or any vascular structures.

Question 17

Pneumothorax

Answer 17

Presence of air or gas in the pleural space
Caused by a rupture in
*The visceral pleura which surrounds the lungs or in the parietal pleura and the chest wall.

Question 18

Closed/simple pneumo

Answer 18

Air introduced into the pleural space but not
under tension, and no further air entering or
leaving

Question 19

Tension pneumo

Answer 19

Air in the pleural space is under tension

Question 20

Open pneumo

Answer 20

Active channel of air exchange between pleural
space outside the chest wall caused by penetrating injuries

Question 21

Hemothorax

Answer 21

Presence of blood in the pleural space.

Question 22

Bronchiolitis

Answer 22

involves the bronchi and bronchioles but not the alveoli.
Childhood disease.

Question 23

Croup

Answer 23

acute, possibly life-threatening larynx
infection.
Viral in origin (barking cough)

Question 24

Epiglottitis

Answer 24

Bacterial infection of the epiglottis