Types of fatty degenerations (3)
- Hepatic steatosis
- Diffuse myocardial degeneration
- Tiger heart
Causes of fatty degeneration (5)
- toxins
- anoxia
- protein malnutrition
- diabetes
- obesity
Microscopy of fatty degeneration
Clear cytoplasm due to lipid vacuole, nucleus pushed aside
3 types of hepatic steatosis
- Alcoholic liver disease
- Non alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Reye syndrome
Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease
Lipid accumulation because fat catabolism is blocked - reversible
Cells blow up and cause scarring : cirrhosis (irreversible)
How much alcohol causes steatosis?
Chronic 50-60mg / day (or more)
Causes of NAFLD (2)
Insulin resistance due to type 2 diabetes, obesity
Mechanism of NAFLD (3)
- Impaired oxidation of FA
- Increased uptake of FA
- Decreased synthesis of VLDL
What is Reye syndrome?
Fatty liver + encephalopathy in young children (rare)
Causes for diffuse myocardial degeneration
Toxic effects : diphtheria, chemotherapy
Pathogenesis tiger heart
prolonged hypoxic state (anemia, blood diseases) causes fat accumulation in the subendocardial myocytes
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