Causes of thrombus
- endothelial injury
- alteration of normal blood flow
- hypercoaguabiity
2 types of endothelial injuries
- Loss of endothelium (diluting)
- Dysfunction of endothelium (non diluting)
What can cause loss of endothelium? (3)
- hypertension
- turbulent flow
- bacterial endotoxins
What can cause dysfunction of endothel? (3)
- hypercholesterol
- radiation
- smoking
2 blood flow alterations
- turbulance
- stasis
Clinical manifestations of altered blood flow
- aneurysm
- mitral valve stenosis
- atrial fibrillation
- hyperviscosity
Types of hypercoagulability
- primary (inherited)
- secondary (acquired)
Mutations that lead to hypercoagulability
- Factor 5 (Leiden) mutation
- Prothrombin gene mutation
What can cause acquired hypercoagulability?
- oral contraceptives
- old age
- disseminated cancer
- smoking
- obesity
How do contraceptives cause hypercoagulability?
increased hepatic synthesis of coagulation factors
Morphology / types of thrombus (4)
- white thrombus
- red thrombus
- composit thrombus
- laminated thrombus
What causes white thrombus?
endothelial injury or turbulance
What is white thrombus made of?
fibrin and platelet
Where does white thrombus develop?
arteries and heart
Where does red thrombus develop?
veins
What is red thrombus composed of?
all the blood elements
What causes red thrombus?
stasis or hypercoagulability
Where does laminated thrombus develop?
aneurysm and atria
What is laminated thrombus made of?
fibrin / platelet layers alternating with erythrocyte rich layers
Where can thrombus be located?
- mural thrombus
- arterial thrombus
- venous thrombus
- vegetation and verruca
-
A/0914
-
A/1015
-
A/1111
-
A/1221
-
A/1325
-
A/1412
-
A/1512
-
A/1623
-
A/1711
-
A/1813
-
A/195
-
A/2022
-
A/2111
-
A/2218
-
A/238
-
A/2412
-
A/2513
-
A/2715
-
A/289
-
A/2920
-
A/3914
-
A/4019
-
A/4114
-
A/429
-
A/4329
-
A/4420
-
A/4514
-
A/469
-
A/4710
-
A/4816
-
A/496
-
A/5023
-
A/5120
-
A/528
-
A/5312
-
A/5418
-
A/5515
-
A/575
-
A/598
-
A/6011
-
A/6116
-
A/6214
-
A/6316
