Acid Base

Question 1

Percent of ICF

Answer 1

65

Question 2

Percent of ECF

Answer 2

35

Question 3

Percent of Tissue fluid

Answer 3

25

Question 4

Percent of blood plasma and lymph

Answer 4

8

Question 5

Percent of other

Answer 5

2

Question 6

Gains of water mL

Answer 6

2500ml per day

Question 7

Loss of water per day

Answer 7

2500ml per day

Question 8

Insensible water loss

Answer 8

Expired air and cutaneous transpiration

Question 9

Obligatory water loss

Answer 9

Insensible loss + sweat + fecal moisture + minimum urine output

Question 10

Homeostatic mechanism of high osmolarity

Answer 10

Osmoreceptors in hypothalamus detect
Hypothalamus control center
ADH from posterior pituitary acts on DCT and CD and stimulates thirst center

Question 11

Thirst center stimulated by

Answer 11

Angiotensin and ADH

Question 12

Does thirst center increase or decrease blood osmolarity

Answer 12

Decrease

Question 13

Aldosterone function

Answer 13

Increases water reabsorption PLUS salt

Question 14

ADH function

Answer 14

Just water reabsorption

Question 15

Problems with infants and dehydration main concern

Answer 15

Hypovolemia

Question 16

Fluid sequestration major danger

Answer 16

Circulatory shock due to low blood volume

Question 17

Pulmonary edema due to

Answer 17

Left ventricle heart failure

Question 18

Systemic edema due to

Answer 18

Right ventricle heart failure

Question 19

What makes you less thirsty?

Answer 19

Increased osmolarity

Question 20

Why is fluid loss more problematic in infants

Answer 20

High body surface area to volume ratio

Question 21

All electrolytes

Answer 21

Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, Phosphate

Question 22

What is the principal cation of the ECF

Answer 22

Sodium

Question 23

Where is sodium in the cell?

Answer 23

ECF

Question 24

Where is potassium in the cell?

Answer 24

ICF

Question 25

What electrolyte is responsible for muscle contraction, second messengers, exocytosis, and blood clotting

Answer 25

Calcium

Question 26

Strong acid/base ionizes…

Answer 26

Completely

Question 27

Weak acid/base ionizes…

Answer 27

Weakly

Question 28

Lots of H ions means

Answer 28

More basic

Question 29

Less H ions

Answer 29

More acidic

Question 30

Buffers

Answer 30

Any mechanism that resists changes in pH by converting strong acid/base to weak acid/base

Question 31

2 kind of buffers

Answer 31

Chemical and physiological

Question 32

Chemical buffer

Answer 32

Fastest response, binds or releases H ions

Question 33

Physiological buffer

Answer 33

Controls output of acids bases or CO2 by urinary or respiratory system Respiratory responds quickly but less effective Urinary slower but more effective

Question 34

Le Chateliers Principle

Answer 34

Reactants <—> products

Question 35

Hypotension in regards to aldosterone

Answer 35

Causes aldosterone to be secreted and Na reabsorption to increase

Question 36

Hypertension in regards to aldosterone

Answer 36

Decreases secretion and decreases Na reabsorption

Question 37

Hypotonic hydration causes

Answer 37

Hyponatremia

Question 38

Where is most K

Answer 38

In cells