ch3

Question 1

squamous

Answer 1

flat cells best for diffusion

Question 2

cuboidal

Answer 2

cube shaped cells

Question 3

columnar

Answer 3

column shaped, has microvilli, found in intestines

Question 4

polygonal

Answer 4

looks like fried eggs

Question 5

stellate

Answer 5

communication because they have arms that reach

Question 6

spheroidal

Answer 6

sphere-shaped, WBC’s has this shape

Question 7

discoidal

Answer 7

disc-shaped, RBC’s have this shape

Question 8

fusiform

Answer 8

muscle cells

Question 9

fibrous

Answer 9

hairs

Question 10

cell size limited due to

Answer 10

volume/surface area

Question 11

what is the phospholipid bilayer permeable to?

Answer 11

CO2, O2, H2O

Question 12

cholesterol function

Answer 12

regulates fluidity

Question 13

transmembrane protein

Answer 13

partly in, partly out of membrane

Question 14

all membrane proteins

Answer 14

receptor, enzyme, channel, gated channel, cell identity marker, cell adhesion molecule

Question 15

gated channel 3 stimuli

Answer 15

ligand, voltage, physical

Question 16

ligand channel

Answer 16

channel will only open if a ligand binds to it (often a neurotransmitter)

Question 17

voltage channel

Answer 17

channel will only open if the voltage changes

Question 18

physical channel

Answer 18

channel will only open if physical pressure is exerted

Question 19

glycocalyx structure

Answer 19

external to plasma membrane, carbohydrate coat on cell membrane

Question 20

glycocalyx function

Answer 20

immunity, cell recognition/adhesion, protection of cells, transplant compatibility

Question 21

microvilli structure

Answer 21

extensions of plasma membrane, has actin filaments to keep them upright

Question 22

microvilli function

Answer 22

increases cell surface and therefore absorption

Question 23

monomers of microtubules

Answer 23

tubulin

Question 24

flagella form and function

Answer 24

made of microtubules, long whiplike, moves sperm

Question 25

pseudopods structure

Answer 25

feet like projections of the cell itself

Question 26

pseudopods function

Answer 26

allows WBC's to move between other cells

Question 27

membrane transport

Answer 27

filtration, simple diffusion, osmosis (passive transport)

Question 28

carrier mediated transport

Answer 28

active transport, facilitated transport

Question 29

filtration

Answer 29

process by which particles are driven through the plasma membrane by hydrostatic pressure

Question 30

simple diffusion

Answer 30

movement of particles from a high concentration to a low - doesn't require energy

Question 31

osmosis

Answer 31

diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 32

hypotonic

Answer 32

more solutes in the cell than outside, so water moves in

Question 33

isotonic

Answer 33

equal about of solutes in cell and out

Question 34

hypertonic

Answer 34

more solute outside than in the cell, so water moves out

Question 35

osmolarity

Answer 35

the sum of the osmoles of all the solutes in the solution

Question 36

carrier-mediated transport

Answer 36

facilitated diffusion and active transport

Question 37

3 kinds of carrier-mediated transporters

Answer 37

uni/sym/anti-port

Question 38

active transport

Answer 38

energy is required to carry stuff Against its gradient

Question 39

functions of Na/K pump

Answer 39

Regulates cell volume; ensures it stays in osmotic balance

Question 40

3 types of endocytosis

Answer 40

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 41

phagocytosis

Answer 41

cell eating

Question 42

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Answer 42

molecules bind to receptors, the membrane sinks inward to form a pit

Question 43

transcytosis

Answer 43

capture on one side of the cell and release on the other side

Question 44

exocytosis

Answer 44

secretion of substances made in the cell