Forensic 3 Final

Question 1

occasionally tasked to perform duties in the field, that is, outside the laboratory. Hence, he/she can serve as a team leader in a Scene of the Crime Operation (SOCO) or Disaster Identification Investigation (DIV) as well as a chemist in Clan Lab Investigation or Post-Blast Investigation.

Answer 1

Forensic chemists

Question 2

Known as Locard’s Exchange Principle

Answer 2

THEORY OF CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION

Question 3

The process of collecting, processing, and analyzing crime data and information in order to solve crime and prosecute
criminals.

Answer 3

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

Question 4

involves collecting, preserving,
documenting and analyzing evidence found at crime scene.

Answer 4

CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION

Question 5

plays an essential role in the delivery of forensic technical assistance.
-this is where an investigator establishes the case and where potential evidence can be recovered and have it connected to the perpetrator.

Answer 5

SCENE OF THE CRIME OPERATION

Question 6

This is completed through
scientific methods of investigation for the purpose of preserving the
crime scene, gathering information, and documenting, collecting, and
examining all physical and forensic evidence.

Answer 6

SOCO

Question 7

THE FOLLOWING FACTORS ARE IMPORTANT IN CASE DEVELOPMENT

Answer 7

 Victim/s
 Suspect/s
 Witness/es and Evidence/s
o Five (5) W’s
o One (1)H

Question 8

THE CRIMINAL CASES INCLUDED FOR SOCO

Answer 8

1. Homicide;
2. Murder;
3. Rape with Homicide;
4. Robbery upon force upon things;
5. Arson; and
6. Other heinous and or sensational cases as requested.

Question 9

SOCO TEAM COMPOSITION

Answer 9

 Team Leader – 1
 SOCO Specialists – 6
1. Medico-Legal Officer
2. Forensic Chemical Officer
3. Fingerprint Examiner
4. Firearm Examiner/Technician
5. Photographer
6. Measurer/Sketcher
 Driver/Evidence Custodian – 1

Total = 8 personnel

Question 10

ELEVEN STAGES OF CRIME SCENE SEARCH

Answer 10

1. Approach the Scene
2. Secure and Protect
3. Initiate a Preliminary Survey
4. Evaluate the Physical Evidence
5. Prepare a Narrative Description
6. Photograph the Scene
7. Prepare a Sketch
8. Conduct a Detailed Search
9. Record and Collect the Physical Evidence
10. Conduct a Final Survey
11. Release Crime Scene

Question 11

CRIME SCENE SEARCH IS CONDUCTED TO MEET THE FOLLOWING
GOALS:

Answer 11

1. To systemically look for physical evidence that may prove
   useful in establishing that a crime has been committed;
2. To determine what method of operation the perpetrator may
   have used.

Question 12

Uses various chemicals, machines, and
equipment depending on the product it produces, and the type of the
processing being done.

They also come in different sizes and forms. They range in size from bucket operations in kitchen, bathroom or even backyards, to a large, facilitated buildings. Others can be found in a rental apartment, townhouse units, or even ice plants. Some can be found in a far-flung rural area in the provinces.

Answer 12

Clandestine Laboratory

Question 13

conducted by a SOCO Team.
The team composition is the same as that of SOCO, except that the focus of the investigation is on the analysis of evidence in the manufacture of illegal drugs. Chemical Industry is a legitimate industry as long as it has all the legal
documents.

Answer 13

Clandestine Laboratory Investigation

Question 14

a. Narcotics Laboratory;
b. Counterfeiting plant; and
c. Illegal weapons factory.

Answer 14

CLANDESTINE OPERATION

Question 15

a laboratory wherein raw materials or
unrefined drugs products are changed into refined products. In the
conversion process, the chemical structure is changed.

Answer 15

Conversion Laboratory

Question 16

in this laboratory, raw materials are combined in required portions and reacted to form a new finished substance with the use of typical laboratory practices, such as cooling, heating, stirring, or filtering.

Answer 16

Synthesis Laboratory

Question 17

A clandestine laboratory in which the final product measured in production dosage unit (e.g., a tablet) is passed
through a machine processor.

Answer 17

Tableting Laboratory

Question 18

SUGGESTED DO’S IN CLANDESTINE LABORATORY PROCESSING

Answer 18

1. 2. 3. Ensure that the environment is properly ventilated.
         Allow the experts to handle and process the crime scene.
         Wear proper clothing (e.g., disposable suits, gloves, shoes, breathing
         device and face shields) before entering a contaminated area.
2. When the environment is already in control, take samples as needed.
3. Separate the chemicals according to types and prepare them for
   shipment.
4. Wash the hands when they come into contact with the chemicals.
5. Avoid chemical spill and immediately report it to the Team Leader and the chemist if it does occur.
6. Use non-explosive flashlights while working.
7. Check for any mechanical, chemical, or explosive hazards.
8. Take note of all waste materials seen, documentation, labeling and
   packing must be properly observed.

Question 19

is the venue or place where the
investigation of criminal activity takes
place.
- an area or vicinity of occurrence of
physical evidence

Answer 19

Crime scene

Question 20

where the crime really committed

Answer 20

Primary crime scene

Question 21

related but is not the scene of crime.

Answer 21

Secondary crime scene

Question 22

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CRIME SCENE?

Answer 22

To establish the possible link suspect, victim, witnesses in relation to
criminal event.

Question 23

Is the conduct of processes, more particularly the recognition, search,
handling, preservation and documentation of physical evidence to include the identification and interview of witnesses and the arrest of suspect/s at the crime scene.

Answer 23

CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION

Question 24

Is any police officer who first arrives at the crime scene and shall
endeavor to protect and secure the crime scene.

Answer 24

First responder

Question 25

THE FIRST RESPONDER MUST DO THE FOLLOWING UPON ARRIVAL AT THE CRIME SCENE:

Answer 25

a. Cordon off the crime scene with whatever available materials like police line, if available, or ropes, straws or human barricade; b. Evacuate injured persons to the nearest hospital; c. Prepare to take the “dying declaration” of severely injured person, or any; d. Prevent entry/exit of persons within the cordoned area; and e. Prepare to brief the investigators of the situation upon their arrival.

Question 26

much more than processing (searching) and documenting (notes, photos, sketches), and certainly more than packaging (collecting) and tagging (preserving evidence).

Answer 26

Crime Scene Analysis or Crime Scene Response

Question 27

is a slow, methodical, systematic, and orderly process of collecting physical evidence based on proper recognition and collection to be processed in the laboratory by forensic examiner to uncover significant clues from them.

Answer 27

Crime Scene Analysis

Question 28

an analytical technique that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of ions and, in forensic science, one of the best ways for toxicologists to identify and analyze substances.

Answer 28

Mass Spectrometry

Question 29

is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. Typical uses of GC include testing the purity of a particular substance or separating the different components of a mixture.

Answer 29

Gas Chromatography (GC)

Question 30

COMMON EVIDENCE THAT NEEDS TO USE MASS SPECTROMETRY

Answer 30

 Analysis of trace evidence o fibers in carpet o polymers in paint  Arson Investigation o fire accelerant  Confirmation of drug abuse  Identification of explosive residues o Bombing Investigation

Question 31

COMMON EVIDENCE THAT NEEDS TO GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

Answer 31

 To determine if a deceased person has taken any alcohol or drugs prior to death as well as determining if they had been poisoned.  Samples from the crime scene such as blood and fibers can also be analyzed with gas chromatography to aid the investigation.

Question 32

primarily official reports documenting evidence analysis and scientific findings, and testimony given in court. Forensic chemists and toxicologists produce a written or oral account of their examination of evidence, explaining the scientific principles, their interpretations of results, and their conclusions to assist the court in determining facts in a legal case.

Answer 32

Written forms

Question 33

These are formal documents created by forensic chemists and toxicologists.

Answer 33

Laboratory reports

Question 34

Details the samples submitted, the methods used for analysis (e.g., chromatography, spectroscopy), and the quantitative and qualitative findings.

Answer 34

Evidence Analysis

Question 35

Explains the significance of the findings in relation to the case, such as identifying substances, their origin, or the likely effects of a poison.

Answer 35

Interpretation

Question 36

Before court, a comprehensive written report is often required, detailing the forensic scientist's findings and their expert opinion.

Answer 36

Expert witness report

Question 37

This is the verbal delivery of information in court, where the forensic scientist explains their findings and conclusions.

Answer 37

Expert testimony

Question 38

The expert witness breaks down complex scientific concepts into understandable terms for the judge and jury.

Answer 38

Explanation of Evidence

Question 39

Unlike ordinary witnesses, expert witnesses can provide opinions and deductions based on their scientific expertise and the evidence examined.

Answer 39

Opinion and deduction

Question 40

These forms present scientific evidence that is crucial for criminal investigations and legal proceedings.

Answer 40

Provide Objective Evidence

Question 41

By documenting and explaining findings, these forms help courts understand the scientific aspects of a case, thereby helping to solve crimes and resolve legal disputes.

Answer 41

Aid legal proceedings

Question 42

The careful and thorough documentation ensures the integrity of the scientific process and the evidence.

Answer 42

Documentation thoroughness