Chapter 13

Question 1

Context contains both stressors and resources. Elements of the context get more (blank) as they affect the couple more directly, and more (blank) as they affect the couple less directly

Answer 1

proximal

distal

Question 2

What are chronic stressors?

Answer 2

aspects of the context that are relatively stable and enduring

the impact of chronic stressors on couple relations are also relatively stable

(i.e. those in lower income neighborhoods tend to report lower relationship satisfaction than those in higher income neighborhoods)

Question 3

What are acute stressors?

Answer 3

Have a clear(er) beginning and the possibility of an end point.

Impact on couple relationships is often more dramatic, but may fade as the situation resolves and/or the couple acclimates to the stressor

Question 4

Chronic versus acute stress is
more (blank) than (blank)

Answer 4

dimensional than categorical

Question 5

The physiological impact of stress (blank) physical performance but (blank) immune system

Answer 5

increases

weakens

Question 6

Stress tends to improve our attention, memory, and performance in relation to the stressful situation and simple tasks, but stress also decreases what?

Answer 6

performance on complex and deliberative tasks (such as communication and empathy)

(tunnel vision)

Question 7

High levels of stress often are associated with what?

Answer 7

lower sexual and relationship satisfaction and greater likelihood of dissolution

Question 8

What is stress spillover?

Answer 8

stress from one area of someone’s life has an impact on other areas

intrapersonal process
stressed out from cramming for tests, perceive your relationship with your partner to be less happy

**air traffic controller study

Question 9

What is stress crossover? What type of relationship was this effect most prominent in?

Answer 9

stress that one partner faces has an impact on the other partner

stressed out from cramming for tests, come home in a bad mood and get in a fight

research has found wives reported higher levels of depression when husbands experienced more stress at work

effect was strongest among those in HAPPIEST RELATIONSHIPS

Question 10

The problem with stressors is what?

Answer 10

they rarely come one at a time

it is in the pileup that functioning becomes seriously impaired - the ABC-X model + the double ABC-X model

Question 11

Often, we are simply unaware of the stress we experience, allowing us to have what?

Answer 11

spillover

Question 12

What did the bar exam study show?

Answer 12

effect of the examinee partner’s bad mood on the other partner weakened as the test date got closer

During covid, when couples were aware that covid-stress was impacting them, they had less spillover and crossover

Question 13

What is a key part of the ABC-X model?

Answer 13

coping

Question 14

What are psychological networks?

interactive networks?

Answer 14

people who play important roles in your life

people with whom you regularly interact

Question 15

couples with more social connections tend to have blank

Answer 15

better relationships compared to those with fewer connections

Question 16

family make up most of couples’ networks, but more diverse composition..

Answer 16

is linked with greater well-being

Question 17

relationships are more satisfying and stable when

Answer 17

partners’ social networks overlap to a greater degree

Question 18

Social networks provide social capital, which can

Answer 18

help partners cope with stressors

such as, family member loans you a car while yours is getting a repair

friend watches a child so you and partner can go to an appointment

Question 19

Shared social networks that approve of the relationship make it
easier to build and foster the relationship (e.g., it is easier to spend time together when with friends).
* This also makes it

Answer 19

harder to leave a relationship (constraint)

Question 20

If social networks disapprove of the partner or relationship, this
makes the relationship

Answer 20

more difficult to sustain

not inviting a significant other for holidays

introducing potential alternatives

treating the partner poorly

Question 21

On average, religious attendance is associated with

Answer 21

higher relationship satisfaction

can be a good social support source that tend to support commitments to partners

shared belief system promotes commitment

Question 21

If there is substitutability within the network, this makes the
relationship

Answer 21

more difficult to sustain

You have deep conversations with a close friend or family member, making your partner’s support less integral

Question 22

How might religion be harmself to relationships?

Answer 22

When couples have mismatched levels of religiosity and/or do not accept differences in religious beliefs of one’s partner

Question 23

New Mexico, Arkansas, Nevada, and Oklahoma have the highest divorce rates in the US. They are also

Answer 23

highly religious, and rank near the bottom in terms of employment rate, annual pay, household income, and healthcare coverage

Question 24

Those without university degrees are...

Answer 24

less likely to marry + gap is widening

Question 25

Divorce rates have been (blank) for university educated women

Answer 25

falling

Question 26

Divorce rates are blank in low income neighborhoods

Answer 26

higher

Question 27

Low income couples are blank to have their first child prior to marriage

Answer 27

4x more likely

Question 28

Low income couples report blank

Answer 28

more relationship distress

Question 29

Low socioeconomic status presents challenges that make life and relationships more difficult. Examples?

Answer 29

* More likely to have serious health problems * More likely to have been exposed to abuse during childhood * Live in neighborhoods with more crime and social disorder * Spend more time providing care to elderly and disabled family members * Work longer and more irregular hours * Little free time