Chapter 5

Question 1

What are the 5 components of sexual orientation?

Answer 1

romantic attraction

sexual arousal (the physiological response to same-sex and different sex people)

sexual attraction (lust)

sexual behaviour

sexual identity

Question 2

What is an unbiased measure of sexual arousal?

Answer 2

pupil dilation

Question 3

What are the differences in the ways men and women sexualize who they love?

Answer 3

women sexualize whoever they love

men love the person they sexualize

Question 4

What are the differences in the patterns of arousal for men and women?

Answer 4

straight men and gay men have a big difference in arousal between their preferred and non-preferred sex partner
bisexual men are less distinct

straight women and lesbians have less difference in arousal between their preferred and non-preferred sex partner
lesbian women have a similar pattern to gay men

Question 5

What is the most common sexual minority identity? Are they more likely to less likely to divulge identity?

Answer 5

bisexual

less likely - fewer bisexual people openly tell others that they are bisexual

Question 6

Which sexuality is viewed as transitional?

Answer 6

bisexuality

Question 7

Which sexuality is more likely to be victims of intimate partner violence?

Answer 7

bisexuality

Question 8

What is asexuality? Is it fixed?

Answer 8

a lack of sexual desire and sexual attraction (~1% of population)

not a medical disorder

tends to be fixed but not always

Question 9

What are the dimensions of attraction to same or different sex people?

Answer 9

high attraction to same sex and different sex people: bisexuality

high attraction to different sex and low attraction to same sex: straight

high attraction to same sex and low attraction to different sex: gay or lesbian

low attraction to same sex and different sex: asexual

Question 10

Which sexual minority identity is the “invisible” identity?

Answer 10

bisexual

Question 11

What are the percentages of men and women who had same sex sex in the past 5 years and identified as fully heterosexual?

Answer 11

28% men
45% women

Question 12

What is also a common sexual minority identity but less so that bisexuality?

Answer 12

gay/lesbian

Question 13

5 components of sexual orientation: what is romantic attraction?

Answer 13

feelings of infatuation, love, and emotional desire for another person

Question 14

5 components of sexual orientation: what is sexual arousal?

Answer 14

a physiological response to same-sex and different sex people

Question 15

5 components of sexual orientation: what is sexual attraction?

Answer 15

fantasies, feelings of lust, and erotic desire for another person

Question 16

5 components of sexual orientation: what is sexual behaviour?

Answer 16

the overt sexual interactions a person engages in with another person

Question 17

5 components of sexual orientation: what is sexual identity?

Answer 17

the way a person understands and labels their attraction to, and sexual interactions with, other people

Question 18

What strand is the most central to sexual orientation?

Answer 18

Sexual attraction

Question 19

Which gender is more likely to dominate at the extremes of sexuality?

Answer 19

men. More likely to say they are exclusively straight or gay

Question 20

Which gender is more likely to dominate between the extremes?

Answer 20

women. More likely to identify as mostly straight or bisexual

Question 21

What is an interesting point about the pupil dilation test when it came to women?

Answer 21

Women, especially straight women, are aroused by images of women almost as much as they are aroused by images of men

Question 22

What is sexual fluidity?

Answer 22

sexual attractions can change, and that people have the capacity to grow more attracted or less attracted to men or to women, regardless of their general sexual orientation

Question 23

Longitudinal research supports what about sexual fluidity?

Answer 23

sexual fluidity is greater among women than men

situational, cultural, and relational factors should play a larger role in defining the composition of relationships pursued by women, but as much less of a dominant force in determining the types of relationships formed by men

Question 24

What is sexual orientation?

Answer 24

ways we pursue love and social connections with other people

not a fixed trait

it’s shaped by how people form emotional and social connections with others

Question 25

What are the origins of sexual orientation?

Answer 25

genes make up 1/3 of variability (biological influences, prenatal hormones) possible environmental influences

Question 26

Does the sexual orientation of parents influence children?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

Is sexual orientation easy to change?

Answer 27

no

Question 28

Minority couples tend to avoid heteronormativity. What is it?

Answer 28

belief that because heterosexual unions are the norm that they are the “standard” by which all other partnerships are judged

Question 29

Sexual minority couples experience minority stress. What is this and what does it result in?

Answer 29

Excess stress which individuals from stigmatized social categories are exposed as a result of their social, often minority, position Increase likelihood of being a hate crime victim and being discriminated against Results in internalized homonegativity: directing negative social beliefs inward to the self Harms mental health and leads to devaluation of partner

Question 30

How is division of labour in same sex partnerships?

Answer 30

More egalitarian and fair in same-sex partnerships Women of transmale partners reported inequitable housework/emotion work provided in their relationship (more traditionally gendered) as a way of supporting partners’ transition (women accept or even reinforce traditional gender role as an expression of care and support during their trans male partner's transition) Same sex couples resolve conflict more positively

Question 31

Do gays or lesbians have the most sex?

Answer 31

Gay male couples have the most frequent sex (inside and outside the union) Lesbians have less sex, but longer duration and more frequent organisms

Question 32

Are there any differences between committed sexual minority and heterosexual couples in terms of relationship dynamics?

Answer 32

The sorts of problems they face are the same The ways they change over time are the same No differences in how satisfying their unions are