Relias notes 7

Question 1

Discrete trials are effective because they break ______ skills into smaller, teachable parts.

Answer 1

COMPLEX

This method allows for easier learning and mastery of skills.

Question 2

Discrete trials have proven to be an effective ______ for clients with autism or developmental disabilities.

Answer 2

INTERVENTION TOOL

It is widely used in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) practices.

Question 3

An individual discrete trial consists of three steps: 1. A short instruction from the instructor, 2. A response from the learner, 3. ______.

Answer 3

FEEDBACK OR CONSEQUENCE GIVEN BY THE INSTRUCTOR THAT IS TIED TO THE RESPONSE

This feedback is crucial for reinforcing learning.

Question 4

Children with autism who receive this intervention are in a much better position to function ______ than those who do not.

Answer 4

independently

Discrete trial instruction helps improve daily living skills.

Question 5

Discrete trials repeated over the course of many sessions help a person with autism gain the skills they need to use in their daily lives and to be able to learn even more over time. True or False?

Answer 5

TRUE

Consistent practice is key to skill acquisition.

Question 6

Operant conditioning is a process where individuals learn to engage in behavior to ______ reinforcers and ______ punishers.

Answer 6

• GET
• AVOID

This principle is fundamental in behavior modification.

Question 7

Using ______ as a consequence in DTI is HIGHLY discouraged in modern ABA practice.

Answer 7

PUNISHMENT

Focus is on positive reinforcement rather than punishment.

Question 8

If a reinforcer is received, then the correct response is ______.

Answer 8

STRENGTHENED

Reinforcement increases the likelihood of the behavior being repeated.

Question 9

If a corrective prompt is received, the incorrect response is ______.

Answer 9

WEAKENED

This helps to reduce errors in future responses.

Question 10

Ivar Lovaas was the first to study the effects of ______ in a DTI format.

Answer 10

OPERANT CONDITIONING

His work laid the foundation for many ABA techniques.

Question 11

In a study of 131 toddlers and young children who received EIBI, most showed significant ______ in language and cognitive skills.

Answer 11

INCREASES

Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) is effective for skill development.

Question 12

One of the best features of ABA, including discrete trial intervention, is that it can be designed to meet the specific needs of many ______ individuals.

Answer 12

DIFFERENT

Customization is key in effective intervention.

Question 13

Unfortunately, children with autism do not benefit from the learning opportunities that are ______ present in loving and caring environments.

Answer 13

NATURALLY

This highlights the need for structured interventions.

Question 14

A partial explanation for this difficulty in learning from the environment is that the features of autism often make it difficult for children to ______ others.

Answer 14

IMITATE

Imitation is a critical learning mechanism that may be impaired.

Question 15

Discrete trials have ______ main parts.

Answer 15

THREE

These parts are essential for the structure of a discrete trial.

Question 16

The technical term for the instruction in a discrete trial is the discriminative ______.

Answer 16

STIMULUS

This stimulus prompts the desired behavior.

Question 17

In general, a discriminative stimulus has ______ over a behavior because it was reinforced in the past.

Answer 17

CONTROL

Past reinforcement shapes future responses.

Question 18

The response in a discrete trial is what the ______ does after an SD is delivered.

Answer 18

CLIENT

The client’s response is crucial for the trial’s effectiveness.

Question 19

In general, you should wait for about ______ seconds for the client to start responding.

Answer 19

THREE

This waiting period allows for processing time.

Question 20

In DTI, consequences are either ______ or a corrective prompt so the client will give a correct response.

Answer 20

REINFORCEMENT

Reinforcement encourages correct behavior.

Question 21

Pacing, prompting, and ______ are all components of an effective discrete trial session.

Answer 21

MOMENTUM

These components help maintain engagement and effectiveness.