11.3

Question 1

second most abundant element in the earth’s crust

Answer 1

silicon (28%, behind oxygen)

Question 2

silicon doesn’t occur free, but as these compounds that contain metals and silicon-oxygen groups called ________

Answer 2

silicates

Question 3

_______ is not very common, occurring as the sulfide along with other metal sulfide ores and is recovered from coal ashes

Answer 3

germanium

Question 4

substances with electrical conductivity intermediate between conductors and insulators

Answer 4

semiconductors

Question 5

one of the most important uses of silicon is __________

Answer 5

in the manufacture of computer chips and other electronic devices

Question 6

true or false: germanium and silicon are semiconductors

Answer 6

true

Question 7

most complex polyanion chains are found in substances like _______, in which half of the tetrahedrons share 2 oxygen atoms and the other half share 3 oxygen atoms

Answer 7

amphibole asbestos

Question 8

three-dimensional networks or polymers of silicates in which all four oxygen atoms are shared between tetrahedrons are called _______

Answer 8

silica (hard substance)

Question 9

the most common crystalline form of silica is _________

Answer 9

granulated quartz (or sand)

Question 10

silicates in which some of the silicon atoms are replaced by aluminum atoms are known as ________ and are found in many clays and feldspars

Answer 10

aluminosilicates

Question 11

melted form of silica that is an amorphous or non-crystalline state and is transparent and solid

Answer 11

glass

Question 12

glass made of pure silica is called _______ and is used in halogen light bulbs and stuff

Answer 12

fused silica or fused quartz

Question 13

ordinary window glass is called ________

Answer 13

soda lime glass

Question 14

by replacing 2 of the oxygen atoms in the SiO4 tetrahedron with -OH or hydrocarbon groups, polymers known as ________ can be formed

Answer 14

silicones

Question 15

one of the most controversial silicates; polysilicate mineral formed by heat and pressure within the earth’s crust

Answer 15

asbestos

Question 16

most commonly used form of abestos

Answer 16

chrysotile

Question 17

one of the most common boron compounds

Answer 17

borax

Question 18

true or false: boron is relatively rare, with some deposits in the US and Asia

Answer 18

true

Question 19

chief use of boron

Answer 19

manufacture of borosilicate glass

Question 20

______ ceramics are some of the hardest materials known

Answer 20

boron nitride