test 2

Question 1

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 1

atomic number

Question 2

total number of nucleons in an atom

Answer 2

mass number

Question 3

neutrons or protons in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 3

nucleons

Question 4

any of several forms of an element that have different mass numbers

Answer 4

isotopes

Question 5

atom or molecule that has a different number of electrons and protons, and therefore has an electric charge

Answer 5

ion

Question 6

negatively charged ion

Answer 6

anion

Question 7

positively charged ion

Answer 7

cation

Question 8

mass of a single atom

Answer 8

atomic mass

Question 9

unit with a mass that is 1/12 of a carbon-12 atom

Answer 9

atomic mass unit

Question 10

instrument used to measure atomic masses with high precision

Answer 10

mass spectrometer

Question 11

average mass of an element’s atoms, based on the naturally occurring mixture of isotopes

Answer 11

average atomic mass

Question 12

ratio of average atomic mass to 1 u (1 atomic mass unit)

Answer 12

atomic weight

Question 13

Avogadro’s number is this value

Answer 13

6.022 x 10^23 (ten to the 23th power)

Question 14

symbolic representations that specify the elements present in a compound and the relative number of atoms of each element present

Answer 14

chemical formulas

Question 15

compounds composed of distinct units called molecules

Answer 15

molecular compounds

Question 16

compounds composed of a vast array of ions

Answer 16

ionic compounds

Question 17

formula that shows only the simplest ratio of atoms in a compound

Answer 17

empirical formula

Question 18

simplest ratio of atoms in an ionic compound

Answer 18

formula unit

Question 19

naming binary molecular compounds

Answer 19

1. leave first element alone, change the second’s ending to -ide

Question 20

smallest division of an ionic compound

Answer 20

formula unit

Question 21

consists of several atoms that act as a single ion

Answer 21

polyatomic ions

Question 22

used to name simple cations

Answer 22

Stock system

Question 23

sum of the average atomic masses of all the atoms in the formula of a compound

Answer 23

formula mass

Question 24

ratio of formula mass to 1 u

Answer 24

formula weight

Question 25

Avogadro's number is the number of atoms in _______

Answer 25

exactly 12 g of carbon-12

Question 26

the link between the microscopic and macroscopic levels of chemistry

Answer 26

Avogadro's number

Question 27

Avogadro’s number of anything; amount of a substance containing the same number of particles as 12 g of carbon-12

Answer 27

mole (mol)

Question 28

mass per mole of a substance

Answer 28

molar mass (M)

Question 29

molar mass and _____ are the same mass with different units

Answer 29

formula mass

Question 30

chemical changes caused by collisions between atoms or molecules

Answer 30

chemical reaction

Question 31

study of numerical relationships between elements and compounds

Answer 31

stoichiometry

Question 32

symbolic representation of a chemical reaction

Answer 32

chemical equation

Question 33

__1__ are on the left, and __2__ are on the right

Answer 33

1. reactants 2. products

Question 34

says that atoms are not created or destroyed in chemical reactions, only rearranged

Answer 34

law of conservation of mass

Question 35

describes a chemical equation with the same number of atoms of each element on each side of the arrow

Answer 35

balanced

Question 36

reaction in which two or more substances chemically combine to form one new substance

Answer 36

combination reaction

Question 37

A + B -> AB

Answer 37

combination reaction

Question 38

reaction that involves the breakdown of a single reactant compound into two or more simpler substances

Answer 38

decomposition reaction

Question 39

AB -> A + B

Answer 39

decomposition reaction

Question 40

decomposition reaction where heat breaks it apart

Answer 40

thermal decomposition

Question 41

decomposition reaction where electricity breaks it apart

Answer 41

electrolysis

Question 42

reaction that involves replacing one element in a compound with another

Answer 42

single-displacement reaciton

Question 43

A + BC -> B + AC

Answer 43

single-displacement reaction

Question 44

reaction in which the positive and negative parts of two ionic compounds are interchanged

Answer 44

double-displacement reaction

Question 45

AB + CD -> AD + CB

Answer 45

double-displacement reaction

Question 46

probably the most important factor for identifying classes of reactions is _____

Answer 46

understand what the names of the classes mean