9.1-9.2

Question 1

attractive force between atoms that is strong enough to enable the group to act as a unit

Answer 1

chemical bond

Question 2

The most important factor affecting how atoms form chemical bonds is the _______

Answer 2

number of valence electrons in each atom involved

Question 3

says that atoms tend to react in a way that gives them a noble-gas electron configuration

Answer 3

octet rule

Question 4

chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons between atoms

Answer 4

covalent bond

Question 5

covalent bond in which two atoms share a single pair of electrons

Answer 5

single bond

Question 6

covalent bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons

Answer 6

double bond

Question 7

covalent bond in which two atoms share three pairs of electrons

Answer 7

triple bond

Question 8

do polyatomic ions formed by covalent bonds have charges?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

a pair of electrons both originating from one atom; bond formed from only one reactant

Answer 9

coordination

Question 10

substances that are composed of billions or trillions of atoms that are bonded together into a single unit by strong covalent bonds

Answer 10

covalent networks (no smaller pieces)

Question 11

formula that shows a compound’s covalent bonds and nonbonding valence electrons

Answer 11

Lewis structure

Question 12

electrons that circulate freely throughout a molecule or crystal instead of being bound to a single atom or a pair of atoms

Answer 12

delocalized electrons

Question 13

bonding situation in which electrons are shared by more than two atoms

Answer 13

delocalization

Question 14

the atoms move among all of the atoms, so it could be written different at any time

Answer 14

resonance

Question 15

covalent bond in which both atoms share electrons equally due to having the same electronegativity

Answer 15

nonpolar bond

Question 16

covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally between atoms

Answer 16

polar bond

Question 17

charge on an atom that is only a fraction of the “full” charge of a proton or electron

Answer 17

partial charge (δ)

Question 18

structure that has two poles (a negative end and a positive end)

Answer 18

dipole

Question 19

three-dimensional representation of a molecule that shows its shape and the position of its atoms

Answer 19

molecular model

Question 20

examples of molecular models

Answer 20

ball-and-stick model, space filling model

Question 21

model that predicts the shape of molecules based on the assumption that bonding and nonbonding electron pairs in the central atom’s valence shell tend to get as far apart as possible

Answer 21

valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR)

Question 22

true or false: nonbonding electron pairs repel more than bonding pairs

Answer 22

true

Question 23

molecule that has the shape of a tetrahedron, four atoms at the vertices bonded to the central atom at the center of the tetrahedron

Answer 23

tetrahedral

Question 24

four bonded sets and zero nonbonded sets

Answer 24

tetrahedral

Question 25

model that has the shape of a pyramid with a triangular base, with one atom at each vertex

Answer 25

trigonal pyramidal

Question 26

three bonded sets, one nonbonded set

Answer 26

trigonal pyramidal

Question 27

two atoms are bonded to the central atom and the three atoms are not in a straight line

Answer 27

angular

Question 28

Two bonded sets, one or two nonbonded sets

Answer 28

angular

Question 29

atoms are arranged in a straight line

Answer 29

linear molecules

Question 30

any diatomic molecule, only two atoms

Answer 30

linear molecule

Question 31

Two bonded sets, zero nonbonded sets

Answer 31

linear molecule

Question 32

molecule has the shape of a triangle, with an atom at each vertex and the central atom at the center

Answer 32

trigonal planar

Question 33

Three bonded sets, zero nonbonded sets

Answer 33

trigonal planar

Question 34

molecule that has a net dipole and therefore has a negative end and a positive end

Answer 34

polar molecule

Question 35

chemical bond in which positively charged ions are electrically attracted to negatively charged ions

Answer 35

ionic bond

Question 36

compound held together by ionic bonds

Answer 36

ionic compound

Question 37

two types of model that will always be polar

Answer 37

angular and trigonal pyramidal